Understanding Simple Harmonic Motion: Equations and Parameters Explained

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on the principles of Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) as observed in an AP Physics lab using a hanging spring and mass setup. Key parameters analyzed include amplitude, angular frequency, and phase offset, with the equation y(t) = Acos(wt + φ) being central to the analysis. It is established that while changing the amplitude directly affects its value, it does not influence the angular frequency, which is determined by the spring constant (k) and mass (m) as per the equation ω = √(k/m). Additionally, the mass does not affect the amplitude but does alter the angular frequency.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)
  • Familiarity with the equation y(t) = Acos(wt + φ)
  • Knowledge of the relationship between mass, spring constant, and angular frequency
  • Experience with graphing calculators, specifically the Ti-83 model
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the angular frequency equation ω = √(k/m)
  • Explore the effects of varying spring constants on SHM parameters
  • Investigate the relationship between amplitude and energy in SHM
  • Learn about the damping effects on SHM and how they relate to amplitude and frequency
USEFUL FOR

Students in AP Physics, educators teaching SHM concepts, and anyone interested in the mathematical modeling of oscillatory motion.

lovelylila
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I'm confused on part of an AP Physics lab on "Simple Harmonic Motion from a Force Perspective." Using a hanging spring & mass, motion detector, and CBL unit/Ti-83 graphing calculator, we used the calculator's graphs to create equations that included the amplitude, angular frequency, the phase offset -- y(t)= Acos(wt + symbol for phase offset). One follow-up question is how each parameter (amplitude, angular frequency, and phase offset) would change if you repeated the experiment using a larger amplitude.

Obviously, the amplitude would change. But what about angular frequency-- do amplitude and angular frequency have any sort of relationship? I've looked at all the equations I've been given in this chapter (such as w= square root (k/m) ) and all the equations relating angular frequency to period, but can't seem to find anything. Can anyone give me a nudge in the right direction here? I'd really appreciate it. :-)

Also, would changing the mass hanging off the end of the spring affect the amplitude? I realize it would change the angular frequency because of the above equation, but... Again, I feel really stupid but I can't seem to find the relationship-- any slight nudges would be very much appreciated! :-)
 
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Amplitude is decided by how much you pull the spring from its mean position. It does not depend on the mass hanging off the spring. And chnage in amplitude does not change the other parameter of SHM.
 

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