Understanding the Voltage Equation for a Separately Excited DC Motor

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SUMMARY

The voltage equation for a separately excited DC motor is defined as V_t = E_a + I_aR_a, where V_t represents the total supply voltage, E_a is the induced armature voltage, and I_aR_a is the voltage drop across the armature resistance. The discussion clarifies that V_a, introduced as the voltage drop over the armature, is equivalent to the total supply voltage V_t. This relationship confirms that the induced voltage and the voltage drop across the armature resistance must be accounted for in the overall voltage equation.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of DC motor principles
  • Familiarity with electrical circuit analysis
  • Knowledge of Ohm's Law
  • Basic concepts of voltage, current, and resistance
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the voltage equation for DC motors
  • Learn about the role of armature resistance in motor performance
  • Explore the differences between separately excited and shunt-wound DC motors
  • Investigate the impact of load variations on armature voltage
USEFUL FOR

Electrical engineering students, educators teaching motor theory, and professionals involved in motor design and analysis will benefit from this discussion.

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Homework Statement

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


For the textbook diagram of a separately excited dc motor, the voltage equation for the armature circuit is given as

##V_t=E_a + I_aR_a##

But in the class notes, it says ##V_t = V_a##
Firstly, I don't know if the ##V_a## refers to the induced armature voltage ##E_a## or the ##I_aR_a##.

But either way, according to the voltage equation, shouldn't the two not be equal?
 

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From the hand-drawn diagram, it's pretty clear that ##V_a = E_a + I_aR_a##.
 
The coils of the armature is represented by a pure inductor and a resistor in the equivalent circuit.
Going round the circuit we come to the conclusion that the supply voltage Vt is

Vt = Ea + Ia Ra

where Ea is the voltage over the pure inductor.
Next they introduce a "new" variable, the voltage drop over the armature as a whole Va .
Clearly this has to be equal to the supply voltage Vt .
 

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