Universal Gravitation problem - Satellite Orbit

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the orbital velocity of a satellite using the universal gravitation formula. The relevant parameters include the mass of the Earth (6 x 1024 kg), the mass of the satellite (45 kg), the radius of the satellite's orbit (4.2 x 107 m), and the gravitational constant (G = 6.67 x 10-11 N m2/kg2). Participants emphasized the importance of unit consistency and arithmetic accuracy in the calculations, leading to the conclusion that neglecting the square root step can result in incorrect answers.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of gravitational force calculations using the formula Fg = (G * Me * Ms) / (Rs2)
  • Familiarity with Newton's second law and its application in circular motion
  • Basic knowledge of unit conversion and dimensional analysis
  • Proficiency in arithmetic operations, particularly square roots
NEXT STEPS
  • Review the derivation of the orbital speed formula for satellites
  • Practice problems involving gravitational force and satellite motion
  • Learn about dimensional analysis and its importance in physics calculations
  • Explore common pitfalls in physics problem-solving and how to avoid them
USEFUL FOR

Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on gravitation and orbital mechanics, as well as educators looking for examples of common calculation errors in satellite motion problems.

Thewindyfan
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Homework Statement


http://prntscr.com/9huihp
Given,
Mass of the Earth = 6*1024
Mass of Satellite = 45 kg
Radius of Satellite's orbit = 4.2*107
G = 6.67*10-11
Find the velocity of the satellite.

Homework Equations


Gravitational Force Fg = (G*Me*Ms)/(Rs2)
Newton's second law:
Fg = Ms*a where a = v2/Rs due to uniform circular motion.

The Attempt at a Solution


http://prntscr.com/9huloh
http://prntscr.com/9hulwt

I feel like I'm being thrown off either by the units being in km/s or by not accounting for the fact that the acceleration vector points in the -x direction, but I don't see why that would affect the magnitude of the velocity. Can anyone point me in the right direction as to what I may be neglecting, because these problems are usually pretty easy for me.
*ps. sorry if my writing is not legible enough to read!
 
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Thewindyfan said:

Homework Statement


http://prntscr.com/9huihp
Given,
Mass of the Earth = 6*1024
Mass of Satellite = 45 kg
Radius of Satellite's orbit = 4.2*107
G = 6.67*10-11
Find the velocity of the satellite.

Homework Equations


Gravitational Force Fg = (G*Me*Ms)/(Rs2)
Newton's second law:
Fg = Ms*a where a = v2/Rs due to uniform circular motion.

The Attempt at a Solution


http://prntscr.com/9huloh
http://prntscr.com/9hulwt

I feel like I'm being thrown off either by the units being in km/s or by not accounting for the fact that the acceleration vector points in the -x direction, but I don't see why that would affect the magnitude of the velocity. Can anyone point me in the right direction as to what I may be neglecting, because these problems are usually pretty easy for me.
*ps. sorry if my writing is not legible enough to read!
Well, you have the correct formula for the orbital speed of the satellite. Did you check your arithmetic? That's a good place to start.

I checked your calculations, and I come up with a different result.
 
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SteamKing said:
Well, you have the correct formula for the orbital speed of the satellite. Did you check your arithmetic? That's a good place to start.

I checked your calculations, and I come up with a different result.
WOW.

Last time I did this problem I remembered making sure to take the square root of my answer but I still ended up not getting the correct answer, but now I did. Forgot to do the last step! Thank you.
 
Hi windyfan:

Thewindyfan said:
*ps. sorry if my writing is not legible enough to read!
I confess that I do have trouble with the illegibility.

Re http://prntscr.com/9huloh
The equation that you derive looks OK.

Re http://prntscr.com/9hulwt
There is a need to keep track of units. I can't tell if you are doing that right or not since you don't include the units in your work. You are also not mentioning in section (1) the units for G and Rs. I suggest you do the work again writing all the units for each expression.

Hope this helps.

Regards,
Buzz
 
Buzz Bloom said:
Hi windyfan:I confess that I do have trouble with the illegibility.

Re http://prntscr.com/9huloh
The equation that you derive looks OK.

Re http://prntscr.com/9hulwt
There is a need to keep track of units. I can't tell if you are doing that right or not since you don't include the units in your work. You are also not mentioning in section (1) the units for G and Rs. I suggest you do the work again writing all the units for each expression.

Hope this helps.

Regards,
Buzz
Thank you, because I realized it was because of the unorganized way I did my work that I forgot to complete the arithmetic!

This thread can be closed. Thank you guys for pointing my errors out!
 

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