What Determines the Precession Angle of an Electron in a Magnetic Field?

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SUMMARY

The precession angle of an electron in a magnetic field is influenced by various factors, including interactions between electrons and their local environment. The Larmor frequency defines the precession frequency, while the angle between the spin magnetic moment and the magnetic field can vary due to lattice distortions and spin-orbit coupling. In many-electron systems, classical models may not accurately predict the spin values, as the total spin magnetic moment vector can deviate from the expected orientation. The angle is calculated to be 54.73 degrees for a single free electron with spin S=1/2.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Larmor frequency in magnetic fields
  • Familiarity with spin magnetic moments and quantum mechanics
  • Knowledge of Curie law and its application in magnetization
  • Concepts of spin-orbit coupling and lattice effects in materials
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the mathematical derivation of Larmor frequency and its implications
  • Study the effects of spin-orbit coupling on electron behavior in materials
  • Explore the relationship between lattice distortions and magnetic properties
  • Investigate advanced models for many-electron systems and their spin dynamics
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Physicists, materials scientists, and researchers focused on quantum mechanics and magnetic properties of materials will benefit from this discussion.

drodophila
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Hi again,

It is well known the precession frequency of a free electron under a magnetic field, know as the Larmor frequency. However, i have not found any mention to the angle between the spin magnetic moment and the magnetic field.

If the angle changes, to keep the same frequency the rotation linear speed will decrease or increase if the angle decreases or increases, respectively. v= angular speed x radius.
Is there any law that determines the dependence of this angle?
If we consider one single free electron, where Sz= S hbar and S=sqrt(S(S+1)), being S=1/2, then the angle is 54.73 deg.

However, in some materials, the spin value that gives a certain measured saturation magnetization (z-component of the spin magnetic moment) is not the same as the spin value necessary to obtain a given spin magnetic moment vector (the magnitude of the vector) that has been measured, for instance, by means of the Curie law for the same material.
Then, in many-electron systems where correlations and lattice effects may take place i think that a classical picture could explain the difference, i.e. the continuous inclination of the total spin vector may explain a Sz value not quantized.

Is this assumption realistic?Here is the link where it is explained how we can obtain the total value of the spin magnetic moment by means of the Curie law:
"[URL
 
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Yes, this assumption is realistic. The angle between the spin magnetic moment and the external magnetic field can vary depending on the interactions between the electrons in the material and their local environment. The effects of lattice distortions or spin-orbit coupling can cause the total spin magnetic moment vector to be inclined away from the external magnetic field, leading to a different spin value than one expected from a purely classical picture. Additionally, correlations between electrons in the material can also lead to a different spin value than what is expected from a classical picture.
 

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