In many cases, that will represent a function (though I'm used to seeing z insteak of k.)
f(x, y) = k. In your case, f(x, y) takes the two inputs (x and y, obviously) and multiplies them together. k is called the output, x and y are inputs. Most people will remember seeing f(x) = y in high school, in this case f() has two variables intead of one. As Arlidno mentions, the interpretation will vary. x may represent height and y may represent width, hence k would represent the area of a square-ish object.