What Happens When a Ball Is Thrown in a Moving Car?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the implications of throwing a ball in a moving car, specifically under the framework of Galilean relativity. When a ball is thrown vertically in a car moving at a uniform speed, it behaves as if it is at rest relative to the car, landing back in the same spot if no external forces act on it. However, real-world factors such as air resistance significantly influence the ball's trajectory, especially in an open-roof scenario. The discussion emphasizes that while theoretical physics assumes a vacuum, practical experiments reveal the effects of drag on the ball's motion.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Galilean relativity
  • Basic knowledge of air resistance and drag
  • Familiarity with the concept of uniform motion
  • Awareness of the effects of external forces on projectile motion
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  • Research the principles of Galilean relativity in detail
  • Study the effects of air resistance on projectile motion
  • Explore experiments demonstrating the behavior of objects in moving frames
  • Investigate the physics of drag in various mediums
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This discussion is beneficial for physics students, educators, and anyone interested in understanding the principles of motion and relativity in real-world scenarios.

sunney
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acoording to theory of relativity, if a car is moving at a uniform speed then any object inside that car behave like its in rest. so what happens if a man throws a ball in an open roof car which is at uniform speed, where that ball is likely to land , assuming no other external force is applied to the ball ?
 
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sunney said:
acoording to theory of relativity, if a car is moving at a uniform speed then any object inside that car behave like its in rest. so what happens if a man throws a ball in an open roof car which is at uniform speed, where that ball is likely to land , assuming no other external force is applied to the ball ?
Have you tried the experiment in a closed roof car? Do you expect that an open roof will make a difference?
 
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What happens when you spit your gum out on the freeway? Why do you think it would be different out of an open roof? (Hint: Air Resistance/Drag)

Most thought experiments like this are made with the assumption of being in a vacuum, where no wind resistance is at play. If this were in a vacuum and the ball was to be thrown straight up, it would come right back down to where it was released provided no that other forces were present besides gravity. However, in the real world, that ball

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drag_(physics)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum

I hope that helps!
 
This is a question fully addressed by Galilean relativity, as the relative speeds are so low. In an open roof, in the frame of the car, there is a wind blowing around the car which will obviously affect a ball thrown through an open roof. Note that the principle of relativity was known in Galileo's time, as was an understanding that this example in no way 'questions' the principle.
 
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If you have Audible, Great Ideas of Classical Physics with Steven Pollock addresses this in the second chapter too.
 

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