What is the difference between particle physics and nuclear physics?

In summary, Particle Physics and Nuclear Physics are often considered as one field, but some authors distinguish them as separate areas. Particle Physics encompasses all interactions, while Nuclear Physics focuses on the study of nuclei and their reactions. Despite the term Nuclear Physics becoming obsolete, it is still an active area of research, particularly in fields such as fission and fusion reactions. The boundary between the two fields is not clearly defined and depends on the energy scale being studied. While Nuclear Physics looks at nuclei composed of neutrons and protons, Particle Physics focuses on the study of fundamental particles and their interactions.
  • #1
sam4328
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What is the difference between particle physics and nuclear physics?
Two areas is often treated as a single region as "nuclear and particle physics".
Some author of paper, however, distinguish sharply between the two regions.
I want to know the boundaries of particle physics and nuclear physics.
 
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  • #2
Nuclear Physics has become an obsolete term and Particle Physics has grown out of it. Particle Physics encompasses all interactions such as electromagnetism, weak nuclear force, and the strong nuclear force (gravity excluded).

Nuclear Physics still exists though, Nuclear Physicists usually work in fission or fusion reaction (plasma physics). Although most theoretical work is done in Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics, a non-perturbative approach to solving QCD equations.
 
  • #3
There is also a lot of experimental work on exotic nuclei. For example we have a spectroscopy group and a nuclear moments group which are doing research on nuclear models through experiments in ISOLDE at CERN.
 
  • #4
Nuclear physics is still alive as it is not possible to derived directly from the fundamental forces (e.g. QCD) the properties of nuclei. You need effective models not based on quarks but based on nucleons (bound states of quarks).

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_physics
 
  • #5
There is no clear boundary between the two, it merely depends on the energy scale. The transition occurs around 100 MeV to a few GeV.
 
  • #6
Nuclear physics looks at nuclei as composed of neutrons and protons and studies various reactions. Particle physics is the study of fundamental particles, i.e. quarks and leptons and their interactions.
 

1. What is the main focus of particle physics?

Particle physics is primarily concerned with the study of subatomic particles, including their properties, interactions, and behavior. It seeks to understand the fundamental building blocks of matter and the forces that govern their behavior.

2. How does nuclear physics differ from particle physics?

Nuclear physics, on the other hand, focuses on the study of the atomic nucleus, including its structure, stability, and reactions. It is also concerned with the use of nuclear energy and the applications of nuclear technology.

3. Can the two fields overlap?

Yes, there is some overlap between particle physics and nuclear physics, as they both involve the study of subatomic particles. However, nuclear physics tends to focus more on the interactions and behavior of particles within the atomic nucleus, while particle physics explores particles at a more fundamental level.

4. What are some real-world applications of particle physics and nuclear physics?

Particle physics has led to advancements in fields such as medical imaging and particle accelerators, while nuclear physics has applications in energy production, nuclear medicine, and materials science.

5. How do particle and nuclear physicists conduct their research?

Both particle and nuclear physicists use a combination of theoretical and experimental methods to conduct their research. This includes designing and conducting experiments, analyzing data, and developing mathematical models to understand and explain their observations.

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