What Is the Law of Mass Action in Thermal Physics?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the "law of mass action" in the context of thermal physics, particularly focusing on its application to a homework problem involving equilibrium constants and partial pressures in chemical reactions. Participants explore the implications of the law, seek clarification on specific terms, and discuss methods for determining constituents in a reaction.

Discussion Character

  • Homework-related
  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation

Main Points Raised

  • One participant states that the law of mass action is represented by an equilibrium constant expressed in terms of partial pressures.
  • Another participant questions the meaning of "finding all the constituents," suggesting it might refer to including intermediate products in the analysis.
  • A participant expresses uncertainty about what it means to include intermediate products, indicating a lack of familiarity with chemical reactions.
  • There is a correction regarding the placement of Pstd in the equilibrium expression, with one participant asserting it should be in the numerator.
  • One participant requests assistance with a specific part of the problem, indicating a need for clarification on the task.
  • A later reply proposes a scenario involving a mixture of species not at equilibrium and asks if it would be possible to determine the mole fractions or partial pressures at equilibrium given certain initial conditions.
  • Another participant clarifies that "finding all the constituents" refers to determining the amounts or concentrations of all substances present in the reaction.
  • One participant acknowledges the responses and indicates they need more time to think about the topic due to their unfamiliarity.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express uncertainty about specific terms and concepts related to the law of mass action, and there is no consensus on the interpretation of "finding all the constituents." Multiple viewpoints and questions remain unresolved.

Contextual Notes

Participants demonstrate varying levels of familiarity with the topic, which may affect their interpretations and contributions. Some assumptions about the chemical system and equilibrium conditions are not fully articulated.

WWCY
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Homework Statement


Hi all, I am having issues with the following problem. Assistance is greatly appreciated!

Screenshot 2019-02-16 at 3.58.49 AM.png


Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution



a) The "law of mass action" I know of is just the equilibrium constant, which I wrote in terms of partial pressures at equiilbrium
$$K = \frac{P_{N_2}^2 P_{H_2 0}^6 }{ P_{std} P_{NH_3}^4 P_{O_2}^3 }$$

b) I don't understand the problem here, what does it mean to "find all the constituents"?

c) I was thinking of attempting to obtain an expression for partial pressures at equilibrium, in terms of the individual partition functions. However, I don't think this is at all an efficient way of working it out. There is another equation
$$K = e^{-\Delta _r G_0 / RT}$$
but the change in molar Gibbs function at standard temperature and pressure is given by a sum over chemical potentials evaluated at standard and pressure (with some coefficients), which when expressed as partition functions seem rather complicated.
 

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WWCY said:
what does it mean to "find all the constituents"?
Just a guess, but could it mean to include intermediate products?
 
haruspex said:
Just a guess, but could it mean to include intermediate products?

What does it mean to include intermediate products? Apologies but I'm not familiar with chemical reactions
 
Pstd should be in the numerator, not the denominator.
 
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Would it be alright if perhaps someone assisted me with c) instead of b)? I'll have to get my instructor to tell me what's going on in part b.

Thanks!
 
WWCY said:
Would it be alright if perhaps someone assisted me with c) instead of b)? I'll have to get my instructor to tell me what's going on in part b.

Thanks!
I can help you with part b. Suppose you had a mixture of the four species that was not at equilibrium, and you knew the total pressure and the mole fractions of the four species in this initial state. Assuming that the reaction took place at constant total pressure, would you be able to determine the mole fractions (or partial pressures) of the four species when equilibrium was attained?
 
WWCY said:
what does it mean to "find all the constituents"?

Find amounts (concentrations, partial pressures, whatever) of all substances present.
 
Thanks for the replies, I'll have to give this a bit of a think as I'm not well acquainted with the topic yet.
 

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