What is the relationship between brown dwarfs and giant gas planets?

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SUMMARY

The relationship between brown dwarfs and giant gas planets hinges on the mass and internal temperature of these celestial bodies. A brown dwarf is defined by its ability to fuse deuterium, requiring a minimum mass of approximately 13 Jupiter masses and an internal temperature between 106 K and 107 K. Once a brown dwarf exhausts its deuterium, it transitions into a giant gas planet, which can exceed 20 Jupiter masses without fusing deuterium. This discussion highlights the complexities of classification based on fusion processes and internal temperatures.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of deuterium fusion and its role in celestial classification
  • Familiarity with the mass-temperature relationship in astrophysical objects
  • Knowledge of the definitions and distinctions between stars, brown dwarfs, and gas giants
  • Awareness of astronomical classification challenges and evolving definitions
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the process of deuterium fusion in brown dwarfs and its implications
  • Explore the thermal evolution of giant gas planets and their cooling processes
  • Investigate the criteria used to classify celestial bodies as stars, brown dwarfs, or planets
  • Examine recent discoveries in exoplanetary science and their impact on classification systems
USEFUL FOR

Astronomers, astrophysicists, and students interested in stellar evolution, celestial classification, and the dynamics of brown dwarfs and gas giants will benefit from this discussion.

  • #31
Buzz Bloom said:
Hi @|Glitch|:

After thinking about the "homework" problem (my post #18) for a while, and unsuccessfully trying to research facts needed to do calculations, I have given up on it. I have located the title, etc., of a recent book which seems promising that it might have some of the facts I need to do the calculation. I have asked my local research librarian to try to borrow a copy for me.

I do have a new related question that has not so far been included in this thread's discussion. From all I have read I think I understand the concept discussed here of creating a definition of a "brown dwarf" in terms of theoretical criteria about the possibility that such an astronomical body can burn deuterium:
H+D->3He.​
Apparently such a definition does not include a requirement that an observation of such a body actually detect the burning of deuterium. It also seems that the definition does not require even the theoretical possibility of making such an observation with current (or expected near future) observational technology.

Q: Does anyone know if it is theoretically possibility to make such an observation with current (or expected near future) observational technology?

Regards,
Buzz

Measuring fusion in the sun is challenging. Theoretically you could put a neutrino detector inorbit around another star. However, proton to deuterium does not kick out a neutrino.

Easiest measurement is the surface. If there is no deuterium then it is likely that it burned. Taking measurements for a few thousand years should tell you something about the stars internal dynamics.
 
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  • #32
stefan r said:
Taking measurements for a few thousand years should tell you something about the stars internal dynamics.
Hi stefan:

I like your sense of humor.

Regards,
Buzz
 

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