What kind of supernova do binary neutron stars produce?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the outcomes of a collision between binary neutron stars, specifically focusing on whether such a merger results in a nova or supernova, and how the final mass of the resulting object influences this outcome. The scope includes theoretical implications, observational requirements, and the potential for gravitational wave and gamma-ray emissions.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants propose that the type of explosion resulting from a neutron star merger may depend on whether the final mass exceeds the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff limit, which is approximately 3.0 solar masses.
  • Others argue that if the combined mass leads to the formation of a black hole, it may not produce a supernova at all, as the material could fall into the black hole without any emissions escaping.
  • A participant mentions that merging neutron stars might still result in observable emissions, such as gravitational waves and potentially short-duration gamma-ray bursts, even if a supernova does not occur.
  • There is uncertainty regarding the maximum mass of neutron stars and how mass loss during the merger could affect the outcome.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on whether a neutron star merger produces a supernova, with some suggesting it does not, while others highlight the possibility of observable emissions. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the definitive outcomes of such mergers.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include the current uncertainty surrounding the maximum mass of neutron stars and the implications of mass loss during the merger process, which may affect the final state of the system.

Irfan Nafi
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I was wondering if a binary system of neutron stars were to collide what kind of nova or supernova would it be. Is it different if the final mass of the neutron star is sufficient enough for a black hole or if it still a neutron star?
 
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iirc A supernova how you get neutron stars.
 
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It likely depends on the maximum mass of a neutron star, which is not well known. Their minimum mass is 1.4 solar, and they are often near that, so putting two together could get up near 3, and that's thought to be about the limit, but there might also be mass lost in the resulting supernova. Probably we'll need observations. The supernova can depend on whether it makes a black hole or not-- for example, there is a situation where if everything falls into the black hole, you don't get a supernova at all, because nothing gets out. I don't think that would happen with merging neutron stars though, I think something would come out beyond just the gravitational waves.
 
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Irfan Nafi said:
I was wondering if a binary system of neutron stars were to collide what kind of nova or supernova would it be. Is it different if the final mass of the neutron star is sufficient enough for a black hole or if it still a neutron star?
The merger or two neutron stars would not produce a supernova, although the electromagnetic emissions from such a merger may have a similar, but much dimmer, appearance. If the combined mass of both neutron stars exceeds the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff limit of approximately 3.0 solar masses then a black hole would be formed as a result of the merger. It is also suspected that such a merger would produce gravity waves and may be one source for short duration (less than 2 second) gamma-ray bursts.

Sources:
Opacities and Spectra of the r-process Ejecta from Neutron Star Mergers - arXiv 1303.5788
Radiative Transfer Simulations for Neutron Star Merger Ejecta - arXiv 1306.3742
The long-term evolution of neutron star merger remnants - II. Radioactively powered transients - arXiv 1307.2943
 
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