What Laws Explain the Infinitude of the Universe?

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The discussion revolves around the concept of infinity in relation to the universe, with participants expressing confusion about its existence and the lack of a definitive formula or proof. Many argue that the universe is likely infinite due to its expanding nature, while others emphasize that infinity is a speculative idea without concrete evidence. The conversation touches on the philosophical implications of infinity, suggesting that it cannot be fully conceptualized or proven, leading to a belief-based understanding. Participants debate whether infinity can be logically defined or if it remains an abstract concept, with some asserting that mathematical constructs can demonstrate the existence of infinity within defined parameters, while others maintain that true infinity cannot be encapsulated or understood by the finite human mind. The dialogue highlights the complexity of discussing infinity, blending philosophy, mathematics, and personal belief systems.
  • #91
Originally posted by chroot
What patterns is your brain recognizing? Be specific.

- Warren

The patterns on my retina, whatever they happen to be.
 
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  • #92
Originally posted by subtillioN
The patterns on my retina, whatever they happen to be.
And how exactly does your brain perform this pattern recognition?

Be specific.

- Warren
 
  • #93
Originally posted by chroot
And how exactly does your brain perform this pattern recognition?

Be specific.

Go read a CogSci book for the details... or get to the point.
 
  • #94
Originally posted by chroot
You're getting too caught up with the 'absolutely exactly' notion. We're not requiring perfect cubes here. Even shoddy cubes made out of silly-putty will do.
I was harping on it because of the second part of your post. I am perfectly fine with defining a cube loosely IN CERTAIN CONTEXTS. If we can agree on a loose definition for a certain context, its simple. Its when you try to define something precisely (aka scientifically) when it gets complex. Thats part of my main point. Reality CANNOT be subjective for that reason.
Again you make a faulty assumption. Complexity is relative, and I never said the process of vision was trivial.
Related to above, Sub: how complex do we need to be? How specific do our definitions need to be?
We all know what a cube really is, right?
Certainly. We have established that its whatever a person THINKS it is but at the same time it is an object with six equal length sides and right angles. And that of course is contradictory. But wait, didn't you say:
...you can never have a REAL cube...
Hmm...
That is quite a stretch. Can you extract from this measurement the values of these dimensions? Sensation is a fuzzy type of measurement and I don't really categorize it as such, but if you wish we can think of it this way.
Be careful - you might accidentally invoke some math there.
The patterns on my retina, whatever they happen to be. [re: what patterns does your brain recognize?]
But what do these patterns mean in physical reality. For example, you may recognize that Carmen Electra has large breasts, right? What would you base that on? Compared to what? Dimensions! Measurements! Your brain recognizes patterns by comparing shapes to each other. Shooting a basketball is the same way - you start by estimating (even subconcsiously) the distance to the net. From imprecise measurements, it can attain highly advanced pattern recognition and motion control.
Cubes exist all over the place. They just are not perfect in their physical ratios and they are not made out of mathematical points, lines or planes.
Then by definition, they are not cubes. They are objects that are according to subjective pattern recognition, similar to cubes.
Note that there are two types of cube in operation here. There is the mathematical cube and the physical one. One is an idealization based in precise rules of mathematics and the other is a physical one made imprecisely out of matter.
The definition of a cube does not differentiate.
False. I make positive idntifications all the time, but no identification is absolutely infallible. [re: no object can be positively identified]
That is an exact contradiction. Positively fallible.
I did not claim that there is no such thing as length, width, or height. I am saying that there is physical extension and there is mathematical quantification of this extension. The two are not equivalent.
Ok, says who? The people who invented math say the number on the page IS a quantification of a physical reality. And by the way, if there is a physically real length, width, and height, what do you call their intersection? :wink:
Where are you getting this stuff from? That is precisely OPPOSITE of my beliefs. [re: reality exists only as the perceptions in the mind of the beholder]
See your definition of a physical cube. If a cube is something that can only be "idealized" by each individual person in their own mind (regardless of whether people agree or disagree with the definition) then reality is a construct of your mind.
Can you not see, hear, smell, touch and feel a dream?
No. You can't. When you are dreaming, you THINK you can, but in fact your sensory organs are not functioning. Again - you are saying that reality is a construct of your imagination. Well, maybe Descartes is feeling better now... "I think therefore I am"... and nothing exists unless I think it.
I am a physics student btw. I AM learning the alternatives and HAVE learned MANY of them already.
And yet you have stated you have no intention of learning Relativity. Strange.
Whatever its cause? This means that it physically exists. [re:...it exists entirely in your own mind.]
Again, I have demonstrated that just because something exists in your mind, doesn't mean it has a physical extension and vice versa. And hey, wait - that's what you said about math!
Yes a dream is real, but it is also an illusion.
That I may need to put into my sig: illusion=reality.
It is not an argument. It is a description of the relation of the terms. Reality is that which exists and that which pertains to causation. [re: real vs exists]
Cause=effect=cause=effect=cause=effect... It is most certainly circular. If not a circular argument then a circular definition/description.
An illusion is a reality that looks like something that it is not.
That's not what I asked. I asked can we KNOW? Are you implying that it doesn't matter if we know or not?
What I actually believe is EXACTLY the opposite.
What you believe appears to be circular, self-contradictory, and self-reinforcing.
 
  • #95
Thats part of my main point. Reality CANNOT be subjective for that reason.

My view is heirarchical. Reality is at root objective. Within this objective reality there exists the sub-set of subjective reality in which the concepts of man reside. These concepts include the very usefull tool of mathematics and dimensional analysis.


Related to above, Sub: how complex do we need to be?

Depends on what we are trying to achieve.

How specific do our definitions need to be?

Specific enough that we can communicate effectively.


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We all know what a cube really is, right?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Certainly. We have established that its whatever a person THINKS it is

No. It is a societally established construct. We have a COMMON notion of a cube, otherwise we cannot talk about it.

but at the same time it is an object with six equal length sides and right angles.

approximately equal

And that of course is contradictory. But wait, didn't you say:
quote:
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...you can never have a REAL cube...
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Hmm...

Yes, but I was talking about the prefect cube of mathematics because this is what you were fixated upon.


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The patterns on my retina, whatever they happen to be. [re: what patterns does your brain recognize?]
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But what do these patterns mean in physical reality. For example, you may recognize that Carmen Electra has large breasts, right? What would you base that on? Compared to what? Dimensions! Measurements!

How did you know that I have an excessive complusion to measure breasts! Yes, I am always whipping out my measuring tape and measuring the breasts of the beautiful women that walk by, just so that I can compare them in my exclusively quantitative and dimensional mind.


Your brain recognizes patterns by comparing shapes to each other. Shooting a basketball is the same way - you start by estimating (even subconcsiously) the distance to the net. From imprecise measurements, it can attain highly advanced pattern recognition and motion control.

These "measurements" are not what we familiarly understand by measurements. They are actually a complex process of pattern recognition of our neural networks. I make a distinction because we do not inherently come up with a number in such sensations. If you want to consider this a measurement process then go ahead but it is quite different from the dimensions used in Physics.

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Cubes exist all over the place. They just are not perfect in their physical ratios and they are not made out of mathematical points, lines or planes.
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Then by definition, they are not cubes. They are objects that are according to subjective pattern recognition, similar to cubes.

You said it not me. This is mere quibling over definitions...

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Note that there are two types of cube in operation here. There is the mathematical cube and the physical one. One is an idealization based in precise rules of mathematics and the other is a physical one made imprecisely out of matter.
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The definition of a cube does not differentiate.

sure it does. I just made this differentiation explicit.

That is an exact contradiction. Positively fallible.

Ok then we can make no positive identifications and must deal with approximate ones. Note that an identification only happens in the mind. Real objects do not have lables inherently attached to them...

Note: I simply have a different, non-absolute definition of "positive identification". If an effective, yet fallible, definition of identification is good enough for science then it is good enough for me.

Ok, says who?

me

The people who invented math say the number on the page IS a quantification of a physical reality.

ok so what?

And by the way, if there is a physically real length, width, and height, what do you call their intersection?

There is no intersection. Those dimensions are quantifications of the physical extension. We are getting confused in improperly stated definitions here.

See your definition of a physical cube. If a cube is something that can only be "idealized" by each individual person in their own mind (regardless of whether people agree or disagree with the definition) then reality is a construct of your mind.

Again, where are you getting this stuff from? You have misunderstood my definitions.

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Can you not see, hear, smell, touch and feel a dream?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

No. You can't. When you are dreaming, you THINK you can, but in fact your sensory organs are not functioning. Again - you are saying that reality is a construct of your imagination. Well, maybe Descartes is feeling better now... "I think therefore I am"... and nothing exists unless I think it.

You are getting lost in inexplicit details of definitions. You are assuming things that lead to false conclusions... oh well.


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I am a physics student btw. I AM learning the alternatives and HAVE learned MANY of them already.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

And yet you have stated you have no intention of learning Relativity. Strange.

I know it enough to know that I do not need to learn it in any more detail in order to understand physical reality. Big Deal. You don't understand how or why I can make such a conclusion.


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Whatever its cause? This means that it physically exists. [re:...it exists entirely in your own mind.]
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Again, I have demonstrated that just because something exists in your mind, doesn't mean it has a physical extension and vice versa.

Mental illusions do have their existence in a physically real and extended process.

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Yes a dream is real, but it is also an illusion.
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That I may need to put into my sig: illusion=reality.

And thus again you misunderstand what i am talking about.

Do you think an illusion does not physically exist? How could we see it if it did not exist?

Cause=effect=cause=effect=cause=effect... It is most certainly circular. If not a circular argument then a circular definition/description.

It is a chain that cannot be broken. I would love to see you try BTW



What you believe appears to be circular, self-contradictory, and self-reinforcing.

Note the key word here "appears".
 
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  • #96
Just jumping back into try to establish some reality again...

Originally posted by subtillioN
We all know what a cube really is, right?

YES! in physical reality it is a collection of SPHERES that, when assempled into a shape appear as a "six (roughly equally) sided, 'square' object".

You guys, well I hope you are enjoying yourselves at least, but WOW have you ever gone a ways off from <Infinity> the subject at hand.

Anyways....

(AKA-WHATEVER!)
 
  • #97
Originally posted by Mr. Robin Parsons
You guys, well I hope you are enjoying yourselves at least, but WOW have you ever gone a ways off from <Infinity> the subject at hand.

Yes deep into the realm of mis-communication!
 
  • #98
Originally posted by Mr. Robin Parsons
You guys, well I hope you are enjoying yourselves at least, but WOW have you ever gone a ways off from <Infinity> the subject at hand.

Exactly.
**booting this mess to the Philo. forum**
 
  • #99
Originally posted by Phobos
Exactly.
**booting this mess to the Philo. forum**
Mission accomplished.
 
  • #100
Can something I have sensed not be real?

How do I distinguish between reality and illusion?

Do real things have properties? If so, how do I know what they are?
 
  • #101
Originally posted by Hurkyl
Can something I have sensed not be real?

It must be real, but it is not always apparent what its true nature is, i.e. it may be an illusion.

How do I distinguish between reality and illusion?

Depends on the nature of the illusion.

Do real things have properties? If so, how do I know what they are?

Yes. They are causal, i.e. they consist of matter in motion. NOTE: This is based in Sorce Theory in which EVERYTHING is made of matter in motion. In the Standard Model they could be made of energy (whateverthatmeans) or they could even be vacuum fluctuations, i.e. virtual particles, etc. [made of mathematics not causality]
 
  • #102
Depends on the nature of the illusion.

That was quite informative. Examples would be nice. A general approach would be better.


Yes. They are causal, i.e. they consist of matter in motion.

An awfully strange definition of "casual"; how does it relate to cause and effect?

What is matter? What is motion? How do I identify what matter is? How do I identify matter is moving? How would one go about distinguishing between matter in motion and an illusion? What about matter not in motion?

Is your meaning of "casual" limited only to being a set of moving matter?
 
  • #103
Originally posted by Hurkyl
That was quite informative. Examples would be nice. A general approach would be better.


In the case of a dream, for instance, there is a different quality about it. In mine things never maintain a consistent identity and thus they keep changing into other things when I am not looking.

In the matrix there are glitches, etc.


An awfully strange definition of "casual"; how does it relate to cause and effect?

It is quite complex. A disequilibrium of matter tends to equalize at a constant speed c per unit density. Causality is based in the constant attempt of matter to equalize its density disturbances and it is in fluid motion.

Cause and effect are the twin halves on an imaginary time-line of this tendency for equilibrium.

What is matter?

As distinguishable from atomic matter, it is a continuous compressible fluid-dynamic substance.

What is motion?

A change of place from any "here" to any "there". Both matter and pressure can move.

How do I identify what matter is?

You don't need to. Everything is made out of matter.

How do I identify matter is moving?

Various ways all of which involve sensation of a motion relative to something else.

How would one go about distinguishing between matter in motion and an illusion?

An illusion is made out of matter in motion.

What about matter not in motion?

There is no such thing. Only patterns of matter in motion can remain relatively stationary at specific scales. At deeper scales it is found that matter is in motion with equilibrating wave systems moving at c.

Is your meaning of "casual" limited only to being a set of moving matter?

causality is a continuum of matter in motion, yes. This matter in motion consists of both fluid motion and the motion of pressure systems (waves).
 
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  • #104
Some more interesting examples of distinguishing illusions would be nice. What about optical "illusions" and magic tricks of various sorts? What about the "illusion" of stillness?

(I put "illusion" in quotes because it's unclear that the way I am using illusion coincides with your meaning of the term)


On another topic, what are sufficient ways to verify something is real besides sensing them?


It is quite complex. A disequilibrium of matter tends to equalize at a constant speed c per unit density. Causality is based in the constant attempt of matter to equalize its density disturbances and it is in fluid motion.

Cause and effect are the twin halves on an imaginary time-line of this tendency for equilibrium.

Woah, slow down! Going from touchy-feely sensation to this is an awfully big leap! We certainly have not progressed far enough in this semi-rigorous treatment of your beliefs to try and digest a statement like this. (Besides, another round of me telling you that this is syntactically gibberish and you telling me I'm in a mental box would be fruitless)

In any case, from your response, it seems that the meaning "motion of matter" does indeed have nothing to do with the meaning of "cause and effect" and you are trying to explain why there is an "illusion" of cause and effect. Correct?


As distinguishable from atomic matter, it is a continuous compressible fluid-dynamic substance.

Are there two types of matter now? Atomic and ...fluid-dynamic...? Is it time to try to explain what you mean by these phrase? I think we should still stick to fully fleshing out the basics of knowledge according to you at this point.



A change of place from any "here" to any "there". Both matter and pressure can move.

So there is some concept of place. Are places real? There is some concept of change; does that imply a concept of time, and is time real?

Is pressure matter?


You don't need to. Everything is made out of matter.

So everything real is made out of matter, and everything made out of matter is real? This brings us no closer to being able to identify just what is real, but it's good to have performed this identification.
 
  • #105
Ahem** Isn't there supposed to be a distinguishment between the waking mind and the sleeping mind, in there observation of reality, respecting illusion, and Non illusion of/in nature.

The idea that there is 'no boundary' in perception crossed, therein, is kinda silly.

Further, in the Sciences it is a volontary agreement to described observance of accepted physical (measurable, hence mathematical in nature, as a 'seconding of opinion') propeties of space in Universality.

So, off you goes...
 
  • #106
Originally posted by Hurkyl
Some more interesting examples of distinguishing illusions would be nice. What about optical "illusions" and magic tricks of various sorts? What about the "illusion" of stillness?
Perceptions are specialized and easily tricked.

[quite]On another topic, what are sufficient ways to verify something is real besides sensing them?

Everything is real. Non-real things do not exist, by definition. Sensation is the root of all mental contact with reality. From there we can build artificial senses (atomic force microscopes etc.) and logic systems to understand aspects of the causality of the system.

In any case, from your response, it seems that the meaning "motion of matter" does indeed have nothing to do with the meaning of "cause and effect" and you are trying to explain why there is an "illusion" of cause and effect. Correct?

In a sense that is correct, but only in the sense of the difference in the root-level causality and the macro-scale manifestation of causality. When I say "matter in motion" there is a tendency to imagine a kinetic-atomic model of atoms (or objects) bouncing around in a void. This is not what I mean. I am talking about matter as a compressible fluid-dynamic frictionless continuum--in turbulent motion, compressing, rotating etc.

Are there two types of matter now? Atomic and ...fluid-dynamic...?

Root-level matter is the continuum mentioned above and atomic matter is formed by a circle of cause and effect--venturi-stabilized rotational compression->increasing torque->increasing venturi effect etc. until a pressurized equilibrium is reached in which the structure is an intensely steep density gradient of raw matter-- an atom. There are harmonic wave-equilibration processes which quantize this gradient into a series of shells in the Schrodinger electron density pattern (seen in Bodes Law as well).


So there is some concept of place. Are places real? There is some concept of change; does that imply a concept of time, and is time real?

Matter is extended and this extension is real. "places" are real therefore as well.

Is pressure matter?

Yes, in raw matter they are unequilibrated density deviations...either positive or negative (also known as charge).


So everything real is made out of matter, and everything made out of matter is real? This brings us no closer to being able to identify just what is real, but it's good to have performed this identification.

Yes. Everything that exists is real.
Of everything that exists, that which looks like something else, is an illusion.
 
  • #107
Why there has to be objective reality

https://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?s=&threadid=3703"

Which reasons about the question "Why is there something instead of nothing" and which concludes that there must have been something apart, outside and independend of consciousness, that has existed always.
 
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  • #108
Perceptions are specialized and easily tricked.

Recall that I was talking about recognizing illusions; how do we discover if our perceptions have been tricked?


Everything is real.

If A is an illusion that looks like B, it seems clear by your terminology that the illusion of B is real... but is B real?

Is curved space real?

Is there anything that satisfies the proposition "X is not real"?


From there we can build artificial senses (atomic force microscopes etc.) and logic systems to understand aspects of the causality of the system.

So theory and experiment may, indeed, suffice as replacements for direct sensation. Allow me to set this idea on the back burner a bit before we go into depth how this may be done.


But allow me ask one question; if it takes much more than a "yes" or "no" answer, we can defer it until later... is it ever acceptable to trust these artifical senses and logic systems when they contradict our senses?

For example, in the famous optical illusion of circles surrounded by circles, is it acceptable to trust the ruler (and implicitly the theory that rulers are good measuring devices) when it says they are the same size, despite my vision telling me otherwise?


When I say "matter in motion" there is a tendency to imagine a kinetic-atomic model of atoms (or objects) bouncing around in a void. This is not what I mean. I am talking about matter as a compressible fluid-dynamic frictionless continuum--in turbulent motion, compressing, rotating etc.

I'm avoiding ascribing any physical idea to "matter in motion" at this time, for the purposes of this discussion. I'm talking neither about bouncing balls nor flowing fluids; I'm trying to develop an acceptable framework of discovery which we can use to make this discovery. Might "time evolution" be an acceptable synonym for "cause and effect"?


Root-level matter is the continuum mentioned above and atomic matter is formed by ...

To avoid fixing the discussion to anyone theory (and to better follow the flow of the discussion so far as to determining what is an acceptable way to understand the universe), would it suffice it to say that you are using the term "matter" both for "root-level matter" (which is, in some sense, fundamental) and for observable patterns of that root-level matter?


Matter is extended and this extension is real. "places" are real therefore as well.

Is there any way we could deduce this conclusion from observation, or must we accept it as an axiom for this discussion? And would the term "point" be an acceptable synonym for "place", in the sense we can say that the universe is "made" of points, and matter extends through these points? By "made" of points, that just means that all extensions of matter can be described by the points through which it extends.


Yes, in raw matter they are unequilibrated density deviations...either positive or negative (also known as charge).

This is in accordance with my previous comment on the term "matter" correct; pressure is not fundamental matter, but an observable pattern in root-level matter. Allow us to hold off on more precise meanings of pressure.
 
  • #109
If 'X' were defined as a consciouss actor outside of space time and matter, I would say then that 'X is not real'.
 
  • #110
Originally posted by heusdens
If 'X' were defined as a consciouss actor outside of space time and matter, I would say then that 'X is not real'.

Excellent definition. "Outside of space time and matter" could be simplified to "outside causality", however.
 
  • #111
Originally posted by Hurkyl
Recall that I was talking about recognizing illusions; how do we discover if our perceptions have been tricked?


hmmm... let me take a crack at it.

you have to develop tricks of your own to trick the tricks!

If A is an illusion that looks like B, it seems clear by your terminology that the illusion of B is real... but is B real?

everything is real

Is curved space real?

Yes "curved space" is a real map of a real field whose essense is really unknown by modern physics.

Is there anything that satisfies the proposition "X is not real"?

It depends on your definition of "real". The definitions of these terms are not very well specified so we unconsciously blurr the distinctions.

So theory and experiment may, indeed, suffice as replacements for direct sensation. Allow me to set this idea on the back burner a bit before we go into depth how this may be done.

Yes, but mathematics is not a substitute for causality.

But allow me ask one question; if it takes much more than a "yes" or "no" answer, we can defer it until later... is it ever acceptable to trust these artifical senses and logic systems when they contradict our senses?

Artificial senses ARE senses. If the senses contradict each other then one must understand the nature of this contradiction before one can trust the senses.

Logic is beyond sensation. It is an artificial, symbolic causality. If it contradicts our experiential understanding of causality, then that is another story and the answer is emphatically "NO". If we abandon causality then there is no way to maintain contact with reality. Our constructions will wander off into a fantasy land with no restrictions as to a deeper physical order.

For example, in the famous optical illusion of circles surrounded by circles, is it acceptable to trust the ruler (and implicitly the theory that rulers are good measuring devices) when it says they are the same size, despite my vision telling me otherwise?

Of course. The real relations are simply mis-interpreted by the specialized mechanisms of the brain.

I'm avoiding ascribing any physical idea to "matter in motion" at this time, for the purposes of this discussion. I'm talking neither about bouncing balls nor flowing fluids; I'm trying to develop an acceptable framework of discovery which we can use to make this discovery. Might "time evolution" be an acceptable synonym for "cause and effect"?

A more abstract one so it must be used with caution and always kept in check with the deeper level.

To avoid fixing the discussion to anyone theory (and to better follow the flow of the discussion so far as to determining what is an acceptable way to understand the universe), would it suffice it to say that you are using the term "matter" both for "root-level matter" (which is, in some sense, fundamental) and for observable patterns of that root-level matter?

Everything is made out of the same matter. It is important to make a distinction here however. Spinoza uses the terms "Substance" and "modes". Substance is the root level continuous stuff and modes are the finite patterns made out of that substance. These terms will suffice for this discussion.

Is there any way we could deduce this conclusion from observation, or must we accept it as an axiom for this discussion?

I feel it is not only quite readily apparent, but it is absloutely logically necessary. Can you imagine any metaphysics without including extension?!

And would the term "point" be an acceptable synonym for "place", in the sense we can say that the universe is "made" of points, and matter extends through these points? By "made" of points, that just means that all extensions of matter can be described by the points through which it extends.

I would say that it is confusing to say that the universe is made of points because points are mental mathematical extensionless place-holders for places and the Universe clearly is not made out of extensionless place-holders.

This is in accordance with my previous comment on the term "matter" correct; pressure is not fundamental matter, but an observable pattern in root-level matter. Allow us to hold off on more precise meanings of pressure.

Yes pressure and charge are modes not substances, of which there can be only one.
 
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  • #112
Why the name change, subtillioN?
 

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