A variety of factors have been hypothesised to contribute to variation in wasp population abundances. Climate has long been cited as a major contributor to inter‐annual variation in insect communities (e.g. Andrewartha & Birch 1954), including in wasp populations (Fig. 1). Common wasps typically overwinter alone as mated queens, with winter conditions representing a bottleneck through which only larger queens with higher fat reserves appear to survive (Harris & Beggs 1995). Colder and wetter conditions in this incipient spring phase of the wasp life cycle have been related to lower wasp abundances (e.g., Akre & Reed 1981; Barlow, Beggs & Barron 2002; Masciocchi, Pereira & Corley 2016). Other researchers, however, have failed to find any relationship between spring weather and variation in annual wasp abundances (Fox‐Wilson 1946; Archer 1985). Warmer and drier summer conditions have also been associated with a high abundance of many insects including wasps (Edwards 1980; Archer 1985). Another potential factor influencing annual wasp abundance is intraspecific competition. During spring, high levels of intra and interspecific competition for and usurpation of nest sites can occur (Matthews & Matthews 1979). Competition between workers during the summer period has also been hypothesised to result in the production of poor quality queens after summers of high wasp abundance (Archer 2010). Different authors have argued for and against the role of factors such as climate and competition in regulating wasp populations, without consensus