Where can you not see a satellite

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on determining the geographic locations on Earth where a geostationary satellite, positioned at an altitude of 35,860 kilometers, is not visible. It is established that locations near the poles cannot see the satellite due to the curvature of the Earth, as observers would need to look through the planet. The correct mathematical relationship for visibility is defined as cos(angle of latitude or longitude) = Radius of Earth / (Height of satellite + Radius of Earth), which clarifies the conditions under which visibility is possible.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of geostationary satellites and their altitude (35,860 kilometers)
  • Basic knowledge of Earth's radius (6,371 kilometers)
  • Familiarity with trigonometric functions, specifically cosine
  • Ability to interpret and create geometric diagrams
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the mathematical principles behind satellite visibility and Earth curvature
  • Explore the concept of geostationary orbit and its applications
  • Learn about the impact of latitude on satellite visibility
  • Investigate other types of satellite orbits and their visibility constraints
USEFUL FOR

Students studying astronomy, physics enthusiasts, and professionals in satellite communications who need to understand satellite visibility and geostationary orbit mechanics.

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Homework Statement



Where on Earth (what latitude/Longitude) can you not see a geostationary satellite, even if it's in the same hemisphere as you?

Homework Equations


The height of a geostationary satellite is 35,860,000 meters
The radius of Earth is 6,371,000 meters.

The Attempt at a Solution


So I guess you can't see the satellite from the poles... I'm not really sure why, but maybe it's because it's as far away as you can get from the satellite. This is the diagram but I'm not really sure if this is correct or how to get the latitude from it,
 

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It is true that you will not see it from the poles because you would have to look through the Earth. However, it is not only the pole. Think about what has to be true for the position where you just barely see it touch the horizon and make a diagram for that.
 
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SO is the diagram as below...
And the solution is cos (angle of latitude or longitude) = (Height of satellite + Radius of Earth) / Radius of Earth?
 

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solarcat said:
SO is the diagram as below...
And the solution is cos (angle of latitude or longitude) = (Height of satellite + Radius of Earth) / Radius of Earth?
Close.

But if you try to take the inverse cosine of a number larger than one, what do you get?
 
Oh, sorry, typed that wrong - it would be cos (angle of latitude or longitude) = Radius of Earth/(Height of satellite + Radius of Earth)
Got it! Thank you!
 
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