Which Is More Acidic: H₂SO₄ or H₂SeO₄?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the acidity comparison between sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) and selenic acid (H₂SeO₄). It concludes that H₂SO₄ is more acidic than H₂SeO₄ despite the larger size of selenium, which would suggest weaker Coulomb forces and a tendency to lose protons. The reasoning provided highlights two key factors: the number of oxygen atoms contributing to resonance stability and the electronegativity of the central atom influencing the inductive effect, both of which favor sulfuric acid's higher acidity.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of acid-base chemistry principles
  • Knowledge of oxyacid structure and stability
  • Familiarity with resonance and inductive effects
  • Basic grasp of periodic trends in electronegativity
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  • Research the concept of resonance stability in oxyacids
  • Study the inductive effect and its impact on acidity
  • Explore the periodic trends in electronegativity among elements
  • Examine the structural differences between H₂SO₄ and H₂SeO₄
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Chemistry students, educators, and professionals interested in acid-base reactions and the properties of oxyacids.

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Homework Statement



Which is more acidic, and why?
H_{2}SO_{4}
H_{2}SeO_{4}


Homework Equations




The Attempt at a Solution


Because Se is larger, it has a weaker Coulomb force with the H atoms. So it will more readily give up the protons of the H atoms. Hence it should be more acidic, but turns out sulphuric acid is more acidic?

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BiP
 
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The general trend for oxyacids is as follows:

1. The more oxygen that is present, the more acidic the compound is. This is because more oxygens allow more resonance stability.

2. The more electronegative the central atom is, the more acidic it is. This is due to inductive effect where the oxygens that donate a proton are stablized by the central atom that can absorb some of the electron density and stabilize the conjugate base.
 

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