Why Do Acids Like HCl Donate Protons?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the reasons why acids, specifically HCl, donate protons. Participants explore various factors influencing proton donation, including electronegativity and the role of conjugate acids.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation

Main Points Raised

  • One participant suggests that acids like HCl donate protons because the conjugate acid is more electronegative, comparing the electronegativity of oxygen in H2O and chlorine in HCl.
  • Another participant challenges the focus on electronegativity by questioning the comparison between the electronegativity of oxygen in SO4^2- and H2O.
  • A different viewpoint is presented, proposing that SO4^2- attracts protons due to its negative charge.
  • Further inquiry is made regarding the behavior of HSO4-, indicating a complexity in the discussion of acid strength.
  • A participant shares a tutorial link that outlines various factors affecting acid and base strength, noting that electronegativity is just one of several important factors.
  • Another participant expresses appreciation for the tutorial, suggesting that the ability of Lewis bases to donate electrons is a significant factor in proton donation.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants do not reach a consensus, as multiple competing views regarding the factors influencing proton donation remain evident throughout the discussion.

Contextual Notes

The discussion highlights the complexity of acid-base behavior, with various assumptions about electronegativity and charge effects not fully resolved. The role of Lewis structures and electron donation is also introduced but not conclusively defined.

WLuderman
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I wondered if anyone could help me with a question. Do acids such as HCl donate protons because the conjugate acid is more electronegative? Such as the O in H2O is more EN than Cl, and that's why the H+ dissociates?
 
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It is not about just electronegativity - what is more electronegative, oxygen in SO42- or oxygen in H2O?
 
I'd have to say So4^2- because it carries a negative charge, so it will attract protons...?
 
What about HSO4- then?
 
Here's a nice tutorial describing how one might estimate the relative strength of various acids and bases. Electronegativity is one factor, but there are other factors that are important as well:

http://www.chem.ucla.edu/harding/tutorials/acids_and_bases/mol_str.pdf
 
Thanks for that I'll watch it.
 
That's actually really helpful. I see it's as I suspected more to do with the lewis bases ability to donate electrons. Like the protons are pulled from the acid.
 

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