As phinds pointed out - the motion of the particles returns because the destructively interfering waves have moved past each other.
Consider - a ball, bouncing, is stationary in the instant that it strikes the surface - then, in the next instant, the motion reappears (in the opposite direction). How did this happen?
Simplistically: In the pulse on a string - what happens is that there are two forces displacing the particles. They are equal and opposite but they act in different places so you see different pulses. They move towards each other - when they act in the same place, the forces oppose each other directly for no net result, but the thing providing the two forces has not gone away - they are both still pulling on the particles. When the forces move past each other they are no longer acting on the same particle, so the displacement returns.