Why don't stars explode? What holds them together?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the balance between gravitational forces and nuclear fusion within stars, particularly the Sun. Participants clarify that the Sun's mass, approximately 1 million times that of Earth, generates sufficient gravitational force to counteract the outward pressure from nuclear fusion. The stability of the Sun is attributed to the equilibrium between the energy produced by fusion and the gravitational pull. Key mathematical concepts, such as gravitational binding energy and pressure equations, are highlighted as essential for understanding stellar dynamics.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of gravitational binding energy
  • Familiarity with nuclear fusion processes
  • Knowledge of pressure equations in astrophysics
  • Basic concepts of stellar formation and equilibrium
NEXT STEPS
  • Study gravitational binding energy calculations in astrophysics
  • Learn about the proton-proton (pp) and carbon-nitrogen-oxygen (CNO) fusion processes
  • Explore pressure equations used in stellar dynamics
  • Read "Intro to Astrophysics" by Ostlie and Carroll for a comprehensive understanding
USEFUL FOR

Astronomy students, astrophysicists, and anyone interested in the mechanics of stellar formation and stability will benefit from this discussion.

  • #31
rocketman7 said:
stars are in a state of hydrostatic equallibrium. outward radiative pressure from photons and nuetrinos emitted in he core are balanced by the inward force of gravity.:smile:

So are we stating that the inward force of gravity, squeeze's photons out from the inner core, similar, like a "wet sponge" expelling water when squeezed, so to speak?
 
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  • #32
rocketman7 said:
stars are in a state of hydrostatic equallibrium. outward radiative pressure from photons and nuetrinos emitted in he core are balanced by the inward force of gravity.:smile:

Photons are only the dominant source of pressure in stars much more massive than the sun. In most stars, it is the particles themselves that are doing the pushing, not the photons (and certainly not the neutrinos).
 
  • #33
rocketman7 said:
stars are in a state of hydrostatic equallibrium. outward radiative pressure from photons and nuetrinos emitted in he core are balanced by the inward force of gravity.:smile:


While this is technically true, as SpaceTiger pointed out, radiation pressure is insignificant in the case of the sun.

I whipped this up in Matlab real quick to demonstrate. The graph is on a log scale, so the 10^# you see on the y-axis is the same as that part in scientific notation. it had to be log scale for the gas pressure to even be noticeable on the graph. A difference of 10^4 is a factor of 10,000 difference between the two.
 

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