Why Is the 40 W Bulb Brighter When Connected in Series with a 60 W Bulb?

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SUMMARY

The discussion clarifies why a 40 W light bulb appears brighter than a 60 W bulb when connected in series. The key conclusion is that the 60 W bulb has a higher resistance, leading to less current flowing through it compared to the 40 W bulb. The equations P=I^2R and P=V^2/R are crucial for understanding the relationship between power, current, and resistance in this context. The 60 W rating is based on its performance under standard mains voltage, not its inherent brightness when connected in series.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electrical power equations (P=IV, P=I^2R, P=V^2/R)
  • Basic knowledge of series and parallel circuits
  • Familiarity with light bulb wattage ratings
  • Concept of resistance in electrical components
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  • Calculate the resistance of a 60 W light bulb at standard mains voltage
  • Explore the differences between series and parallel circuit configurations
  • Investigate how bulb ratings affect performance in different circuit setups
  • Learn about Ohm's Law and its applications in electrical circuits
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Students studying electrical engineering, educators teaching physics concepts, and anyone interested in understanding the behavior of electrical components in circuits.

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Homework Statement



Normally, household lightbulbs are connected in parallel to a power supply. Suppose a 40 W and a 60 W lightbulb are, instead, connected in series. (see here) Which bulb is brighter?

Homework Equations



P_{resistor}=I\Delta V=I^2R =\frac{(\Delta V)^2}{R}

The Attempt at a Solution



I have found out the answer is the 40 W light bulb but am not sure why. Since both bulbs are getting the same current it means the 60 W has a higher resistance according to the formula P=I^2R Doesn't a higher resistance mean more energy dissipated means more light given off? Or am I thinking about it wrong?

Thanks
 
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Coop said:
it means the 60 W has a higher resistance

How do you deduce that?
 
If I is the same for both resistors then according to P=I^2(R), R for the 60 W bulb must be higher.

But I am confused because according to P = V^2/R the 60 W has a higher R...how do I know which equation to use?
 
Why don't you work out the resistance of a normally-operating 60w bulb in your house? How many ohms would it be?
 
Coop said:
If I is the same for both resistors then according to P=I^2(R), R for the 60 W bulb must be higher.

But I am confused because according to P = V^2/R the 60 W has a higher R...how do I know which equation to use?
The "60W" rating assumes you are connecting it to the standard mains supply. There is nothing inherent to the bulb that guarantees it consumes 60W. The fundamental constant of the bulb is its resistance.
 

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