Why we use the trace calculation?

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SUMMARY

The trace calculation is essential in particle physics for calculating the cross section of particles. It averages over numerous possible initial states, making it particularly useful when the initial state is unknown or when dealing with a mixture of states in a particle beam. Additionally, the trace ensures that all possible intermediary (virtual) particles are accounted for, providing a comprehensive analysis of the interactions involved.

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Hluf
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Dear all
When we calculating the cross section of particles, we apply the trace calculation. This is not clear for me, why we use the trace calculation?
Thank you all.
 
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The trace averages over many possible initial states. Useful when the initial state is not known or the beam of particles contains a mixture of states.
 
Also, if you're talking about intermediary (virtual) particles than taking the trace ensures that all possible intermediary states are taken into account.
 

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