Work is defined as the amount of energy exchanged when executing an action through a non-spontaneous method, with the equation W=Fd illustrating this concept. The discussion emphasizes that work done should be understood as the energy transferred to an object rather than the work performed by an agency, which clarifies potential confusion regarding efficiency. It is noted that a force must act over a distance for work to occur, as exemplified by the scenario of a weight on a table where no work is done unless the table fails. The preference for the term "energy transferred" is highlighted, as it applies to various contexts, including fields. Overall, the conversation seeks to refine the definition of work in physics for clarity and accuracy.