Work required to remove a metal sheet from a capacitor

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the work required to remove a metal sheet from between the plates of a capacitor under two scenarios: with the battery connected (constant voltage) and with the battery disconnected (constant charge). The relevant equations for capacitance are provided, specifically C = ε₀A/(d-l) for the scenario with the metal sheet and C = ε₀A/d without it. The user attempts to apply the concept of moving capacitor plates to derive the work done but encounters discrepancies with the expected results, leading to confusion regarding the correct approach to calculate work using energy differences.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of capacitor fundamentals, including capacitance equations.
  • Familiarity with energy calculations in electrical systems.
  • Knowledge of integral calculus for work calculations.
  • Experience with circuit theory, particularly the behavior of capacitors in different configurations.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of work done in capacitors with constant voltage and constant charge scenarios.
  • Learn about the implications of connecting and disconnecting a battery in capacitor circuits.
  • Explore the concept of energy stored in capacitors and its relation to capacitance changes.
  • Review examples of moving capacitor plates and their associated work calculations in physics textbooks.
USEFUL FOR

Students studying electromagnetism, electrical engineers, and anyone involved in capacitor design or analysis will benefit from this discussion.

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Homework Statement



How much work would be required to remove a metal sheet from between the plates of a capacitor, assuming

a) the battery remains connected so the voltage remains constant
b) the battery is disconnected so the charge remains constant

Homework Equations



When a metal sheet with a thickness "l" is put between the plates

C = \frac{\epsilon _0A}{d-l}

Without the metal

C = \frac{\epsilon _0A}{d}

The Attempt at a Solution



There is an example named "moving parallel capacitor plates" in my textbook, It asks the work needed to move the capacitor plates until the separation between them is 3x from x.

Then an explanation is given to the solution.

"Unlike Example 9(charge was constant in ex. 9), here the capacitor remains connected to the battery. Hence charge and energy can flow to or from the battery, and we cannot set the work W = \Delta U. Instead the work can be calculated from the equation \int_{a}^{b}Fdl.
As you might expect, the work required to pull these oppositely charged plates apart is positive."I tried to use this approach for the problem in the topic because it was like moving the plates. (from "d-l" to "d"). I ended up with a positive answer but the correct answer is the negative of what I have found. In the solutions manual, it just calculates the work from W = \Delta U

So was it wrong to see this problem as a moving plates question?
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Hint: In a) and b), you can find C1, U1 and C2, U2.

The energy in a capacitor, Ecap = ½*U2*C.

W = E2 - E1
 
Hesch said:
Hint: In a) and b), you can find C1, U1 and C2, U2.

The energy in a capacitor, Ecap = ½*U2*C.

W = E2 - E1

Sorry but that doesn't answer my question.
 

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