Recent content by anaqavi

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    I What is an electron hole pair?

    Hi, These questions may seem basic, yet, I do not have an answer for that. The density of electrons and the density of holes in an intrinsic semiconductor are equal at equilibrium. From this, it seems that holes are simply lack of electrons that are given enough (thermal) energy to escape...
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    Is ZEP-520A the only e beam resist available on the market?

    Hi friends, I need to identify the e beam resist and developer on a sample. Does anyone know whether ZEP-520A is only manufactured by ZEON? Or in general, is any e beam resist type (e.g. PMMA, ZEP520) the product of one company? And, is there somewhere a list of materials used as ebeam...
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    Blackbody and absorption problem

    Yes, depending on where the cell is, i.e. Earth or space, Tc can change. About the role of the atmosphere, there is some loss because of absorption of light in it but solar spectral irradiance data suggests that solar illumination represents more or less a black body at a temperature close to...
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    Blackbody and absorption problem

    First of all, thanks for you replies. As Andy suggested, maximum efficiency can be found by Carnot's theorem: 1-Tc/Th where Tc is the cell temperature and Th is sun temperature. Shouldn't Tc be temperature of earth? This makes little change in the efficiency but if someone wants the...
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    Blackbody and absorption problem

    Because it cannot emit/absorb more than a blackbody at 300°K (temperature of the cell).
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    Blackbody and absorption problem

    Well, this question may seem elementary to you but I simply do not have a background for it. Now the question: Sun radiation resembles a blackbody at over 5000°K. A solar cell's temperature is around 300°K. If we neglect loss in the cell, its emission and absorption coefficient are equal...
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