Generally, subscripts "i" and "f" refer to "initial" and "final" values of a particular quantity. In addition, the capital "L" usually refers to angular momentum.
Combine these pieces of information and you should have a good idea on what these variables refer to. In fact, you can use the...
I have just finished a junior-level lab assignment in which we used X-ray diffraction to determine the lattice constants of unknown materials. In the theory section of the lab write-up, it briefly explains the K-alpha doublet of the characteristic spectrum. I understand that it is the result...