The discussion clarifies the differences between dotted and regular lines on iron-carbon alloy diagrams, specifically noting that dashed lines indicate eutectics and eutectoids, while solid lines represent phase boundaries. The continuous cooling transformation diagram of eutectoid composition is referenced, highlighting phases such as austenite, bainite, pearlite, and martensite. The dashed lines serve to distinguish phase boundaries, including a curvy line that marks the 50/50 boundary between austenite and pearlite or bainite. Additionally, horizontal dashed lines indicate specific percentages of martensitic transformation at certain temperatures. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for interpreting iron-carbon phase diagrams accurately.