Where Does the Energy Come From in Capillary Action?

AI Thread Summary
Capillary action occurs when water is absorbed by materials like paper towels, with the energy for this process derived from the intermolecular forces and the energy used to manufacture the paper. The increase in height of the water molecules corresponds to a rise in gravitational potential energy, which is balanced by a loss of surface energy from the wetting process. Even without gravity, the principles of energy transfer through intermolecular forces remain relevant, especially in contexts like growing food in space. The forces involved in capillary action are not depleted; rather, energy is expended in the process. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for applications in various fields, including agriculture and material science.
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If you dip a paper towel into water, the water absorbs up the paper towel. These molecules are gaining height, and hence mgh is increasing. Where does the energy come from to lift the water molecules?
 
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From the energy required to manufacture the paper.
 
Here's a twist- what happens if you take away gravity? The answer is not so simple, and relates to how to grow food in space.
 
So, if the energy required to lift the water through capillary action, is coming from the
inter-molecular forces, then why aren't these forces being 'used up' very slightly as they convert their energy into the gaining of height by the water molecules?
 
The forces aren't 'used up'. Onlly energy is used up. you can get energy out of water and a paper towel by letting the towel get wet. you have to spend energy to get the water out of the towel again. (pressing or heating)
 
Pyro Ninja said:
So, if the energy required to lift the water through capillary action, is coming from the
inter-molecular forces, then why aren't these forces being 'used up' very slightly as they convert their energy into the gaining of height by the water molecules?

Capillary rise coverts surface energy into gravitational potential energy. When the liquid stops rising, the increase in potential energy is balanced by the loss of surface energy from wetting.
 
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