Cannot tell when a probability generating function converges for |s|<1

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The discussion centers on the classification of functions as probability generating functions (p.g.f.). The function g(s) = 1 + s - s^2 is questioned for its validity as a p.g.f., despite converging to 1 for |s| < 1. The solution indicates that this function is invalid because it can lead to negative probabilities, specifically P(2) = -1. In contrast, the functions g(s) = (1/3)(1 + s + s^4) and g(s) = (2 - s^2)^{-1} are confirmed as valid p.g.f.s. Understanding the conditions for a function to be a p.g.f. includes ensuring it does not yield negative probabilities.
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Hi, I have a problem that is already solved... I thought 3 of the 4 functions were probability generating functions, but I got one wrong and don't know why.

The solution says g(s)=1+s-s^2 is not a probability generating function. However, g(1)=1 and I think g(s) converges to 1 for |s|<1. Isn't that correct? If so, what is it that invalidates this function as a probability generating function?

The solution says that g(s)=(1/3)*(1+s+s^4) and g(s)=(2-s^2)^{-1} are prob. gen. functions and that g(s)=1+s-s^2 and g(s)=(1/2)(1+s+s^3) are not (I know the last one is not because g(1)=3/2).

Thanks a lot for your help! :) And if you could also give me an explanation of other things I need to look for in a function to tell if it is a p.g.f., I would really appreciate that.
 
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If 1 + s - s^2 were a probability generating function, then we would have P(2) = -1.
 
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