How Does the Cosine of an Angle Affect Radiation Intensity from a Black Body?

In summary, a black body is a diffuse emitter that radiates energy at a rate of σT^4. There is a correspondence between a solid angle and the superficial area of a sphere, represented by dS=r^2sin(θ)dθd\phi=\frac{ds}{r^2}=d\omega=\frac{dAcos(\alpha)}{r^2}. The formulation for intensity of radiation is derived from this relationship, with the intensity being proportional to the cos of the angle between the two areas. This may seem counterintuitive since the intensity is usually thought to be the same for every part of the half sphere, but intensity is a vague term when it comes to radiation and may refer to irradi
  • #1
Chacabucogod
56
0
So I understand that a black body is a diffuse emitter, and that it radiates energy at a rate of σT^4.
I also understand the correspondence between a solid angle and the superficial area of a sphere.

[itex]
dS=r^2sin(θ)dθd\phi=\frac{ds}{r^2}=d\omega=\frac{dAcos(\alpha)}{r^2}
[/itex]

What I don't understand is how they get to the formulation for intensity of radiation.

Why is the intensity of radiation proportional to the cos of the angle between the two areas? Isn't the intensity the same for every part of the half sphere since it's a black body?
 
Last edited:
Science news on Phys.org
  • #2
intensity is a vague word when it comes to radiation.
Are you talking about irradiance (W/m^2)?

A sketch of the areas and angles you're talking about might help clarify the problem
 

What is radiation intensity?

Radiation intensity is a measure of the amount of energy that is emitted or absorbed by a material in the form of electromagnetic waves, such as heat or light.

How is radiation intensity measured?

Radiation intensity is typically measured in units of watts per square meter (W/m2). This measurement takes into account the amount of energy emitted or absorbed by a material over a specific area.

What factors affect radiation intensity?

The intensity of radiation can be affected by a number of factors, including the type of material, the temperature of the material, and the distance from the source of radiation.

What are the potential health effects of high radiation intensity?

Exposure to high levels of radiation intensity can cause a range of health effects, including tissue damage, radiation sickness, and an increased risk of developing certain types of cancer. The severity of these effects depends on the duration and intensity of exposure.

How can radiation intensity be controlled or reduced?

There are several ways to control or reduce radiation intensity, such as using shielding materials that absorb or reflect radiation, maintaining a safe distance from the radiation source, and limiting the amount of time spent in areas with high radiation levels. It is also important to follow proper safety protocols and regulations when working with or around sources of radiation.

Similar threads

  • Thermodynamics
Replies
2
Views
1K
Replies
5
Views
2K
Replies
2
Views
3K
  • Thermodynamics
Replies
19
Views
3K
Replies
1
Views
2K
Replies
2
Views
4K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
6
Views
2K
Replies
1
Views
3K
  • Electrical Engineering
Replies
12
Views
28K
Replies
4
Views
3K
Back
Top