∑f(n)=1 (n=1 to n), find f(n).

by Crack Dragon
Tags: ∑fn1
 P: 3 Not sure if this is impossible, simply wondering if anti-sums are a thing, ie. (Anti)∑0.5n(n+1)=n.
 Sci Advisor HW Helper Thanks PF Gold P: 26,109 Hi Crack Dragon! Welcome to PF! Yes, it's a difference! The difference of a series {an} is the series {an - an-1} eg 0.5n(n+1) - 0.5(n-1)n = 0.5n((n+1) - (n-1)) = n
 P: 3 Hi, thanks for that, sorry if this was in the wrong area; wasn't too sure. That's pretty handy actually, by your post count you seem to be a busy person, but do you know where I could do any reading up on summations and the like?
HW Helper
Thanks
PF Gold
P: 26,109

∑f(n)=1 (n=1 to n), find f(n).

 Quote by Crack Dragon … do you know where I could do any reading up on summations and the like?
sorry, no idea …
but i'm sure you'll find plenty if you google it
 P: 4 Can you clarify, is the formula meant to hold for all n or for a fixed value of n? If it is for all n the f(n)=0 is the only solution in this case. If it is for a fixed n then there are infinite f(n) that will work.
 P: 3 Fixed n? I really am new to this, just in this format though if that's what you were wondering: http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i...%2C+n%3D1+to+n, are you saying ∑0=1?
P: 4
 Quote by Crack Dragon Fixed n? I really am new to this, just in this format though if that's what you were wondering: http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i...%2C+n%3D1+to+n, are you saying ∑0=1?
My mistake, I missread 1 as 0. But it doesn't change much. If the sum of f(k) from k=1 to n (btw, don't use n as both the thing you are summing over as well as the number of terms you are summing) for all n, then you must have f(1)=1 and all others are 0. To see this just set n=1 so f(1)=1 then set n=2 to get f(1)+f(2)=1 so 1+f(2)=1 which gives f(2)=0. Continue inductively to get the rest being 0.
 P: 276 $$\\ \sum f(n)\Delta n=1 \\ \\ \frac{\Delta\;\;}{\Delta n} \sum f(n)\Delta n = \frac{\Delta1}{\Delta n} \\ \\ f(n) = \left\{\begin{matrix} 1 & n=0\\ 0 & n\neq 0\\ \end{matrix}\right.$$
P: 2,751
 Quote by Crack Dragon Fixed n? I really am new to this, just in this format though if that's what you were wondering: http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i...%2C+n%3D1+to+n, are you saying ∑0=1?
The way you're using the summation symbol is wrong crack dragon. You need to sum over a "dummy" variable such as "k" in the example below.

$$\sum_{k=1}^{n} f(k) = 1$$

Now we can again ask the question: Do you require this to be valid just for some specific positive "n" or is it to be true for all positive "n"?

If it's for some specific "n" then there is a unique solution only for n=1, and an infinite number of solutions otherwise.

If it's for all positive "n" then there is just one solution, that given above by jsmith.
Mentor
P: 20,429
 Quote by Jhenrique $$\\ \sum f(n)\Delta n=1 \\ \\ \frac{\Delta\;\;}{\Delta n} \sum f(n)\Delta n = \frac{\Delta1}{\Delta n} \\ \\ f(n) = \left\{\begin{matrix} 1 & n=0\\ 0 & n\neq 0\\ \end{matrix}\right.$$
What does Δ/Δn mean? I understand the operator d/dn, but have never seen similar notation using Δ.
P: 276
 Quote by Mark44 What does Δ/Δn mean? I understand the operator d/dn, but have never seen similar notation using Δ.
##\Delta f=f_1-f_0##

##\frac{\Delta f}{\Delta x}=\frac{f_1-f_0}{x_1-x_0}##

How in discrete calculus we not consider an infinitesimal interval but yes a discrete interval (unitary), so Δx=1, ie:

##\frac{\Delta f}{\Delta x}=\frac{f(x+\Delta x)-f(x)}{\Delta x}=\frac{f(x+1)-f(x)}{1}=f(x+1)-f(x)=\Delta f##

The same logic for summation:

##\sum f(x)\Delta x=\sum f(x)\cdot 1=\sum _{x}f(x)##

FTC for the discrete case:

##\sum_{x_0}^{x_1} f(x)\Delta x=\sum_{x=x_0}^{x_1}f(x)=F(x_1+1)-F(x_0)##

inverse relationships:

##\sum \frac{\Delta f}{\Delta x}(x)\Delta x=f(x)##

##\frac{\Delta}{\Delta x} \sum f(x)\Delta x = f(x)##

with infinitesimal limits...

##\int f(x)dx=\lim_{\Delta x \rightarrow 0} \sum f(x) \Delta x##

##\frac{df}{dx}=\lim_{\Delta x \rightarrow 0} \frac{\Delta f}{\Delta x}##

computing...

##\frac{d}{dx}\left (\frac{1}{2}kx^2 \right )=kx##

##\frac{\Delta}{\Delta x}\left (\frac{1}{2}kx^2 \right )=kx+\frac{1}{2}k##

##\sum f(x)\Delta x=\frac{1}{6}kx^3-\frac{1}{4}kx^2+\frac{1}{12}kx + C##

##\int f(x)dx=\frac{1}{6}kx^3 + C##

And you still have a Z transform that is the discrete analogue of Laplace transform. All this is the discrete calculus.
Mentor
P: 20,429
 Quote by Jhenrique ##\Delta f=f_1-f_0## ##\frac{\Delta f}{\Delta x}=\frac{f_1-f_0}{x_1-x_0}## How in discrete calculus we not consider an infinitesimal interval but yes a discrete interval (unitary), so Δx=1, ie: ##\frac{\Delta f}{\Delta x}=\frac{f(x+\Delta x)-f(x)}{\Delta x}=\frac{f(x+1)-f(x)}{1}=f(x+1)-f(x)=\Delta f## The same logic for summation: ##\sum f(x)\Delta x=\sum f(x)\cdot 1=\sum _{x}f(x)## FTC for the discrete case: ##\sum_{x_0}^{x_1} f(x)\Delta x=\sum_{x=x_0}^{x_1}f(x)=F(x_1+1)-F(x_0)## inverse relationships: ##\sum \frac{\Delta f}{\Delta x}(x)\Delta x=f(x)## ##\frac{\Delta}{\Delta x} \sum f(x)\Delta x = f(x)## with infinitesimal limits... ##\int f(x)dx=\lim_{\Delta x \rightarrow 0} \sum f(x) \Delta x## ##\frac{df}{dx}=\lim_{\Delta x \rightarrow 0} \frac{\Delta f}{\Delta x}## computing... ##\frac{d}{dx}\left (\frac{1}{2}kx^2 \right )=kx## ##\frac{\Delta}{\Delta x}\left (\frac{1}{2}kx^2 \right )=kx+\frac{1}{2}k##
This (above) is what I've never seen before. Where does the k/2 on the right side come from?
 Quote by Jhenrique ##\sum f(x)\Delta x=\frac{1}{6}kx^3-\frac{1}{4}kx^2+\frac{1}{12}kx + C## ##\int f(x)dx=\frac{1}{6}kx^3 + C## And you still have a Z transform that is the discrete analogue of Laplace transform. All this is the discrete calculus.
P: 276
 Quote by Mark44 This (above) is what I've never seen before. Where does the k/2 on the right side come from?
From the definition of discrete differentiation: ##\frac{\Delta f}{\Delta x} = f(x+1)-f(x)=f'(x)##

If f(x)=1/2kx² so f'(x)=kx+1/2k

Ironically or not, It's so that math works...
 P: 276 Now, my 2nd answer (considering the interval of summation): The "graphic" of question below is: ##F[n]=\sum _{1}^{n}f[m]\Delta m=1## \begin{matrix} n & -4 & -3 & -2 & -1 & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\ F[n] & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 1 & 1 \\ F'[n] & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ \end{matrix} Thus we have ##F'[n]=\frac{\Delta F[n]}{\Delta n}=F[n+1]-F[n]=f[n]## ([...] the colchets says that the domain is discrete). Remember that: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kronecker_delta http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirac_delta_function ##\delta [n]:=\left\{\begin{matrix} 1 & n=0\\ 0 & n\neq 0 \end{matrix}\right.## So, f[n] in terms of discrete delta is: $$f[n]= \delta [n-1]=\left\{\begin{matrix} 1 & n=1\\ 0 & n\neq 1 \end{matrix}\right.$$ I found f(n) to you. Capiche?

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