A titration curve is a graph that shows the relationship between the volume of titrant added and the pH of the solution being titrated. It is used to determine the equivalence point and the pKa of an acid or base.
A titration curve is calculated by plotting the volume of titrant added on the x-axis and the pH of the solution on the y-axis. The pH is calculated at each point using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, and the equivalence point is determined by finding the point of inflection on the curve.
The equivalence point is the point at which the moles of acid and base are in stoichiometric proportion, and the solution is neutral. It is used to determine the concentration of an unknown acid or base, as well as the pKa of a weak acid or base.
The strength of an acid or base affects the titration curve by changing the shape of the curve. Strong acids and bases have steep curves, while weak acids and bases have more gradual curves. The pKa of a weak acid or base also affects the shape of the curve.
Some common sources of error in titration curve calculations include inaccurate measurement of volumes, insufficient mixing of solutions, and errors in pH readings. It is important to carefully follow the experimental procedure and perform multiple trials to minimize these errors.
