Elastic vs. Inelastic Collisions: Which is Better for Diverting an Asteroid?

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In diverting an asteroid, an inelastic collision is preferred as it allows for a greater change in momentum without fragmenting the asteroid. However, achieving an inelastic collision may be impractical. An elastic collision could redirect the projectile towards Earth, raising concerns about its trajectory. The discussion also highlights the force requirements for stopping a projectile in both collision types, with inelastic collisions needing less force overall. Ultimately, the choice between elastic and inelastic collisions hinges on balancing momentum change and practical execution.
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Homework Statement



Let’s say you’re a scientist or engineer working for NASA and you are tasked with the responsibility of diverting an asteroid heading straight for Earth. You know that you must fire a projectile to deflect the asteroid as much as possible (without breaking it into many Earth-destroying pieces!). In the hopes of changing the asteroid’s momentum by the greatest amount, would you want your projectile to make an elastic or inelastic collision with the asteroid? Briefly explain.

Homework Equations





The Attempt at a Solution



I thought that making an inelastic collision would be the best, but probably impossible. Also if we make an elastic collision, wouldn't the projectile head towards Earth after it collides with the asteroid?

I want to hear your opinions on this.
 
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Which requires more force.

1. Stop the projectile with a velocity of v (inelastic collision).

2. Stop the projectile with a velocity of v and then speed up the same projectile with a velocity of v in the opposite direction (elastic collision).
 
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