General Chemistry - Intermolecular Forces

In summary, intermolecular forces are attractive forces between molecules that hold them together in a liquid or solid phase. There are three types of intermolecular forces: London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole forces, and hydrogen bonding. These forces have a significant impact on the physical properties of a substance, such as its boiling point, melting point, and viscosity. Molecular size also affects intermolecular forces, with larger molecules having stronger London dispersion forces and therefore higher boiling and melting points. Intermolecular forces can be broken by applying heat or changing the conditions of the substance, causing it to change states.
  • #1
ChazyChazLive
18
0
1. Predict which two interactions are stronger than the other two.
Check all that apply.
[ ] Forces on the picture (a).
[ ] Forces on the picture (b).
[ ] Forces on the picture (c).
[ ] Forces on the picture (d).

http://i41.tinypic.com/3wwug.jpg


2. Which member of the following pairs has the stronger intermolecular dispersion forces.
CH3CH2CH2Cl or (CH3)2CHCl
 
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  • #2
nvm.. got it
1. A & C
2. CH3CH2CH2Cl
 
  • #3


I would like to clarify that the strength of intermolecular forces cannot be determined solely by looking at a picture. The strength of intermolecular forces depends on various factors such as molecular size, shape, polarity, and functional groups.

That being said, based on the given picture, the two interactions that are most likely to be stronger than the other two are forces on the picture (b) and forces on the picture (d). This is because these interactions involve molecules with polar functional groups (OH and NH2) which can result in stronger intermolecular forces compared to nonpolar molecules.

As for the second question, the strength of intermolecular dispersion forces depends on the size of the molecule. In this case, (CH3)2CHCl has a larger molecular size compared to CH3CH2CH2Cl, thus it is more likely to have stronger intermolecular dispersion forces. However, it is important to note that other factors such as molecular shape and functional groups can also affect the strength of intermolecular forces.
 

1. What are intermolecular forces?

Intermolecular forces are attractive forces between molecules. They are responsible for holding molecules together in a liquid or solid phase.

2. What are the types of intermolecular forces?

The types of intermolecular forces are London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole forces, and hydrogen bonding.

3. How do intermolecular forces affect the physical properties of a substance?

Intermolecular forces determine the boiling point, melting point, and viscosity of a substance. Stronger intermolecular forces result in higher boiling and melting points, as well as higher viscosity.

4. How does molecular size affect intermolecular forces?

Larger molecules have a greater number of electrons, resulting in stronger London dispersion forces. This means that larger molecules will have higher boiling and melting points compared to smaller molecules.

5. Can intermolecular forces be broken?

Yes, intermolecular forces can be broken by applying heat or changing the conditions of the substance. For example, increasing the temperature can overcome intermolecular forces and cause a substance to change from a solid to a liquid or a liquid to a gas.

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