Is Sine of x Greater Than or Equal to 2x Over Pi for Angles Up to Pi/2?

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In summary, to prove the inequality sin(x) ≥ 2x/π for 0 ≤ x ≤ π/2, we can use the Mean Value Theorem for Integrals to show that the average value of the function sin(x) - 2x/π on the interval [0,π/2] is greater than or equal to 0. This inequality is important as it helps us understand the relationship between sine and π and has many applications in mathematics, physics, and engineering. It can also be extended to all real numbers, not just those in the interval [0,π/2], and can be proven using other methods such as the Taylor series expansion or the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality. Additionally,
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anemone
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Here is this week's POTW:

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Let $0\le x \le \dfrac{\pi}{2}$. Prove that $\sin x \ge \dfrac{2x}{\pi}$.

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Congratulations to lfdahl for his correct solution (Cool) , which you can find below:
Since $\sin’’(x) = -\sin x \leq 0$ for $x \in [0; \frac{\pi}{2}]$, the function $\sin x$ is concave (downward).

Per definition any point on any secant to the graph lies below the graph (and on the graph at the end points).

But $y = \frac{2}{\pi}x$ is a secant to $\sin x$ on the given interval. Therefore $\sin x \geq \frac{2x}{\pi}$ for $x \in [0; \frac{\pi}{2}]$.
 

Related to Is Sine of x Greater Than or Equal to 2x Over Pi for Angles Up to Pi/2?

1. What does "sin(x) ≥ 2x/π" mean in this context?

In this context, "sin(x) ≥ 2x/π" means that the sine of any angle x is greater than or equal to twice the angle x divided by pi. In other words, the sine function is always greater than or equal to a linear function with a slope of 2/pi.

2. How do you prove this inequality for all values of x between 0 and π/2?

To prove this inequality, we can use the properties of the sine function and basic algebraic manipulations. First, we can show that the slope of the sine function is always greater than or equal to 2/pi by taking the derivative of sin(x) and setting it equal to 2/pi. Then, we can show that the y-intercept of the linear function 2x/π is always less than or equal to the y-intercept of sin(x). Combining these two results, we can conclude that sin(x) ≥ 2x/π for all values of x between 0 and π/2.

3. Why is this inequality important in mathematics?

This inequality is important in mathematics because it helps us understand the relationship between the sine function and linear functions. It also has many applications in calculus, trigonometry, and other areas of mathematics.

4. Can this inequality be extended to other intervals besides 0 ≤ x ≤ π/2?

Yes, this inequality can be extended to other intervals as long as the interval includes 0 and π/2. For example, the inequality sin(x) ≥ 2x/π is also true for the interval π/4 ≤ x ≤ 3π/4.

5. How can this inequality be used in real-world situations?

This inequality can be used in real-world situations to model and analyze various physical phenomena, such as the motion of a pendulum or the behavior of waves. It can also be used in engineering and design to optimize and improve structures that involve angles and trigonometric functions.

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