The chicken and and egg are just metaphors for DNA and Protein. The proteins can catalyse reactions as enzymes. They are both essential for life and you can not have one without the other. So how did life arise from the primordial soup without pre-existing DNA and proteins? The answer was a...
Once the DNA has been reinserted into a new cell they zap it with electricity to make it divide. Frankenstein like. I was looking for why they did this and found this which is very interesting - http://www.sharinghealth.com/pdfs/whyzapwithelectricity.pdf
I think you are asking at what level...
Organisms that have not changed much over time are called 'primitive' e.g. sharks and crocodiles. I don't know what the data is exactly. Primitive species are very successful hence the lack of their need to evolve (adapt).
I guess to answer further would need a specific species. Does the...
It's interesting to note too that many parasites have evolved to render their hosts infertile increasing the host lifespan and therefore their own. I'm not sure what species of parasite have evolved to do this specifically as they have such complicated life cycles and can alter the hosts...