In chemistry its often said that energy must be added to system to break atomic bonds and conversely when atoms bond energy is released. I can picture why it takes energy to break a bond, for instance to ionize a hydrogen atom you have to exert a force on the electron to overcome the...
this helps but as you said the energy depends on the potential and kinetic energies of the particles in the liquid or gas. Wouldn't the particles of the liquid exert forces on the gas. For instance when the partial pressure of a vapor over its liquid is discussed it is said that at the surface...
In deriving the chemical potential and also in discussion of intensive properties chemistry books will often do something like this. Say you have a gas and liquid isolated in a container, the total internal energy is equal to the energy of the gas plus the energy of the liquid. Why? I would...