I would say the more aware of one's own computation. Though I realize this definition is highly informal but since units for that field are—at least by my knowledge—not yet defined it is hard to give a good formal definition.
What makes you believe only humans have a sense of beauty? Taken into consideration all other possible systems which have a sense of beauty. The intersection of all their sets which contain the elements which they find beautiful would be the empty one by all chance.
Personally I think that any intelligent system is conscious to a certain degree. The more intelligent the system is the more conscious it because. Consciousness should effectively be treated as a perception or experience of the mechanism which enable the system to compute. That need not imply...