Difficult integral involving hypergeometric function

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the evaluation of a complex integral involving a hypergeometric function. Participants explore the challenges of transforming the hypergeometric function into a more manageable form for integration, while also addressing issues related to the convergence of the series representation of the function.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Meta-discussion

Main Points Raised

  • One participant presents the integral and expresses difficulty in finding a tractable form for the hypergeometric function.
  • Several participants inquire about the conditions under which the series representation of the hypergeometric function converges, specifically questioning the requirement for the fourth argument to be less than 1.
  • Another participant notes that if the series diverges, the hypergeometric function can be defined through analytic continuation.
  • A participant suggests that if the hypergeometric function cannot be expressed as a series, it may not be possible to transform it for integration.
  • There are multiple requests for clearer formatting of the integral, indicating issues with LaTeX rendering on the forum.
  • One participant mentions that in a specific case, the hypergeometric function can reduce to an Incomplete Beta Function, but still finds the integral difficult to solve analytically.
  • Participants discuss technical issues related to LaTeX not displaying correctly on the forum, with some expressing frustration and considering leaving the forum.
  • There are suggestions to check other threads for potential solutions and to try different browsers to resolve the LaTeX display issues.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express a range of views regarding the convergence of the hypergeometric function's series representation and the feasibility of transforming it for integration. There is no consensus on how to proceed with the integral or the LaTeX display issues, indicating ongoing uncertainty and disagreement.

Contextual Notes

Participants highlight limitations related to the convergence conditions of the hypergeometric function and the challenges in integrating it analytically. The discussion also reflects issues with the forum's LaTeX rendering, which affects communication.

bruno67
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I am trying to calculate the following integral

I=\int_0^\infty\frac{x}{(x+ia)^2} {\mbox{$_2$F$_1\!$}}\left(\frac{1}{2},b,\frac{3}{2},-\frac{x^2}{c^2}\right) dx.<br />

I tried several different ways but drew a complete blank. Is there a way of converting this nasty hypergeometric function into something which is more tractable? Unfortunately the definition of the hypergeometric function as a series cannot be used, since it is only valid when the fourth argument is less than 1 in modulus.

Thanks.
 
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Question: Why does x need to be less than 1? If it is more than 1, then the series diverges?
 
3.1415926535 said:
Question: Why does x need to be less than 1? If it is more than 1, then the series diverges?

Yes, if the fourth argument is equal to 1 or larger, the series diverges. In that case, the hypergeometric function can be defined by analytic continuation.
 
If there is no way to write the Hypergeometric function as a series(for any x), then I don't see how you can transform it something else to integrate it. Sorry

Here is everything about the Hypergeometric function of the 1st kind
http://mathworld.wolfram.com/HypergeometricFunction.html
I hope you find it usefull.

One last thing: The Hypergeometric functions are used to solve ODEs with variable coefficients. If you can construct the ODE and solve it using Frobenius series, then is there any possibility that the series you will find will converge for every x?
 
Hi !
Sorry, I cannot read what you have written.
Is it possible to display your integral on another way ?
Look at what I see :
 

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JJacquelin said:
Hi !
Sorry, I cannot read what you have written.
Is it possible to display your integral on another way ?
Look at what I see :

\begin{array}\\I=\int_0^\infty\frac{x}{(x+ia)^2} {\mbox{$_2$F$_1\!$}}\left(\frac{1}{2},b,\frac{3}{2 },-\frac{x^2}{c^2}\right) \end{array}

Better now?
If it is the same, copy the LaTex code and paste it here
http://www.codecogs.com/latex/eqneditor.php
 
JJacquelin said:
Hi !
Sorry, I cannot read what you have written.
Is it possible to display your integral on another way ?
Look at what I see :

Right click on what you see and select "reload" or something like that, depending upon your internet browser. It's supposed to be an image and it hasn't loaded in your case.
 
JJacquelin said:
Hi !
Sorry, I cannot read what you have written.
Is it possible to display your integral on another way ?
Look at what I see :

Here is the TeX source:

$I=\int_0^\infty\frac{x}{(x+ia)^2} {\mbox{$_2$F$_1\!$}}\left(\frac{1}{2},b,\frac{3}{2},-\frac{x^2}{c^2}\right) dx.$

You can also visualize it by clicking "Quote" at the end of a message.
 
I realize that LATEX no longer works for all the Physics Forums.
It is impossible for me to read the questions which include formulas.
Sorry, until the problem be solved, this draw me to quit the Physics Forums.
Bye-bye !
 
  • #10
JJacquelin said:
I realize that LATEX no longer works for all the Physics Forums.
It is impossible for me to read the questions which include formulas.
Sorry, until the problem be solved, this draw me to quit the Physics Forums.
Bye-bye !

Latex works for me. :/
 

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  • #11
First, I would like thank 3.1415926535 , fluidistic and bruno67 for their advices. But I didn't succeed to make LATEX work again.
What is strange is that old topics, where LATEX was correctly working, are now illegible.
The trouble is with Physics Forums only. Other sites and forums with LATEX are properly working.
Well, fluidistic gave the image .jpg of the integral. This enable me to answer :
In the particular case, the hypergeometric function reduces to Incomplete Beta Function, which is a function of lower level (in attachment)
But, even on the form of Incomplete Beta, the whole integal seems very difficult to be analytically solved.
 

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Last edited:
  • #12
JJacquelin, check out this thread, in particular post #165.
 
  • #13
JJacquelin, check out this thread, in particular post #165.
Thank you for your help. I made the test. The result is that Javasript is correct. That is not surprising anyways since their is no problem with other forums than Physics Forums.
 

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  • #14
OK, then I don't know what to do. Perhaps try another browser? You might want to keep an eye on that thread. Someone might post a solution there. You could also try posting more details about your problem there.
 
  • #15
OK, then I don't know what to do. Perhaps try another browser? You might want to keep an eye on that thread. Someone might post a solution there. You could also try posting more details about your problem there.
I kept an eye on that thread and on some other threads. To my surprise I just see that LATEX is working again ! and yet I did nothing...
 

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