Quantum Definition and 998 Threads

-1st: Could someone give me some insight on what a ket-state refers to when dealing with a field? To my understand it tells us the probability amplitude of having each excitation at any spacetime point, but I don't know if this is accurate. Also, we solve the free field equation not for this...

Hello , what quantum fields exist in intergalactic space ? What math describes these fields ?

The charge associated with gravitational interactions is the mass. In the Standard Model, charge conjugation is the "flippin" of all kinds of charges (electric, color, etc). So, if we were to, say, incorporate quantum gravity in a beyond the Standard Model theory, what would the full charge...

I recently viewed a PBS "Space time" video The video references two articles of which one is paywalled while the other is not. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1367-2630/abb515/pdf https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2490-7?proof=tIn the discussion section of the free article...

It came to my attention yesterday this, from my ignorant point of view, amazing paper that describes what it looks as another Theory of Everything: https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.02062 If I didnt understand incorrectly, from first principles / a pre quantum theory (Trace Dynamics, 8D octonionic...

I just finished a new paper, A. Neumaier, Quantum mechanics via quantum tomography, arXiv:2110.05294. (later renamed to) A. Neumaier, Quantum tomography explains quantum mechanics, arXiv:2110.05294. Abstract: Starting from first principles inspired by quantum tomography rather than Born's...

In p.385 of Griffiths QM the vector potential ##\textbf{A} = \frac{\Phi}{2\pi r}\hat{\phi}## is chosen for the region outside a long solenoid. However, couldn't we also have chosen a vector potential that is a multiple of this, namely ##\textbf{A} = \alpha \frac{\Phi}{2\pi r} \hat{\phi}## where...

Homework Statement:: Mathematics to understand Quantum Scattering Theory Relevant Equations:: Suitable math book to understand Quantum Scattering Theory I need to study Scattering theory from Introduction to Quantum Mechanics by David Griffith. But I think I need to study mathematics first...

I am looking for first articles of quantum gravity in the history which before Matyevei. What is earliest articles of quantum gravity and how can ı find them?

Ontology is the easiest and the hardest concept in the field of quantum foundations. It is the easiest because even a child can understand it. When a child asks: "What is the world made of?", she asks about ontology. When you answer: "It's made of atoms" and when she asks "What does the atom...

I have been reading about ontologies in quantum physics recently and I came across Bohmian mechanics. If I understood it correctly BM endorses Particle ontology. Particle ontology claims that point-like particles that move continuously in time are the fundamental building blocks. I know some...

This New Atlas article on Quantum Brilliance describes the development status of a new quantum data processor that can operate at room temperature. They are predicting a useful commercial device in about 5 years. The device is based on nuclear spin in a diamond substrate. The device is very...

Is there a precise definition for the field? That is what I am after, since I am rather annoyed by the fact I currently do not have an unified view of the theory; having a one-liner helps me a lot in better understanding. So far there seems to be a split between an "old" quantum physics, which...

Take a simple case: A system is prepared in state ##\rho_i## at time ##t_0##, and a projective measurement is performed at time ##t_2## with an outcome ##b##. We can retrodict a projective measurement outcome ##a## at time ##t_1## where ##t_0<t_1<t_2##$$p(a|b) =...

for undergraduate students how to explain this?

An axiomatization of classical mechanics such as the one by McKinsey et al. (1) does not contain any reference to humans or experiments, and does not contain the magic (irony!) words of quantum mechanics, i.e. observables and measurements. (1) McKINSEY, J. C. C., et al. “Axiomatic Foundations...

Hello! I see that most experiments applying quantum computing techniques for high precision spectroscopy use a quadrupole trap. I don't know much about the experimental implementation of these kind of traps, so any help (or suggested paper) would be appreciated, but I was wondering how well can...

The s orbital corresponds to l=0 The p orbital corresponds to l=1 For an electron in an sp3 hybridization orbital what is l?

Hello! I read several papers about using quantum information techniques in order to do precision spectroscopy on ions. Usually they trap 2 ions in a quadrupole trap and the 2 ions are coupled through their vibrational motion along the trap axis. However most of these results involve atomic ions...

They say spin up and spin down is correlated at at any distance and that it can’t be explained by basic logic. say I rip a photo in two, shuffle them and put them in two boxes and send them light years away. No matter which box I open, I can’t know which half I have but when I open it the photo...

Summary:: The problem solutions contain a lot of unjustified steps, making them pointless. I am trying to use Griffiths Introduction to Quantum Mechanics. He states that the wave function ##\psi## approaches 0 as x approaches infinity to make normalization work. I can accept that. But then I...

Hello, I am a high school student doing a project on pulsars and I would love to get into the deeper workings of a quantum electromagnetic field, but I am a bit lost. Since pulsars are neutron stars, who send out a beam of electromagnetic waves, I was quite curious about it's workings. So...

Trying to understand what the math methods are exist to determine quantum phase transition and how I can calculate it, by what methods.

I was working on plotting fidelity with time for two quantum states. First I used discrete time( t= 0,1,2,3...etc) to plot my fidelity. I got constant fidelity as 1 with continuous value of time. Next I used discrete set of values ( t=0 °,30 °,60 °,90 °). Here I saw my fidelity decreases and...

I had two questions in the field of physics: We know that in quantum mechanics there is an electron in a certain distance from the distance to the nucleus as a cloud or a cover. But is motion for the cloud defined by the electron moving around the nucleus? And the main question is, can the...

In the other thread of a similar name it was stated, and probably rightly so, that I wasn't using rigorous terminology or that I wasn't using them in a rigorous way. While I was making certain assumptions about the ability to interpret the 'jargon' I was using, it seemed to be a serious...

Hey, I found these interesting articles about a proposed way of vaccinating people while also applying a biomarker on them which would help remember one's vaccination status. https://news.rice.edu/2019/12/18/quantum-dot-tattoos-hold-vaccination-record/...

I have a fidelity between the initial state and final state is 1 at t=0,1,2...etc. What does it mean physically? Does it mean that the quantum state is not evolved here. But In quantum dynamics every physical system evolves with time.

Greetings, I'm new here, I have an interest in the nature of reality, and a question. Does the quantum spin of a particle (its intrinsic angular momentum) have anything to do with its wavelength and frequency? One of the experts on Quora said no, and I cannot find anything about it on the web...

In this 1965 paper by Weinberg, https://journals.aps.org/pr/abstract/10.1103/PhysRev.138.B988, he describes a quantum field theory of the graviton in a Coulomb-like fixed gauge, where the free graviton has only space-space components and is traceless. This of course makes the field dynamics...

Is advanced quantum computing the key to achieving the world's first true artificial general intelligence? The astronomical amount of computing power required for an AGI is currently not possible with classical computing.

Continuing the discussion in the 'Assumptions of Bell's Theorem' thread, I'm hoping to explore the question of the location/position of the QM system prior to measurement. I may have some bias or underlying assumption that is affecting the conclusion that I am drawing and, by exploring this...

fidelity for pure state with respect to t=0 is 1. My teacher told me this. But I am not getting this. This is my detailed question the initial state(t=0)##|\psi\rangle=|\alpha\rangle|0\rangle## the final state (t) ##|\chi\rangle= |i\alpha\sin(t)\rangle|cos(t)\alpha\rangle## Fidelity between the...

I was teaching the basics of quantum states and was showing the students that an arbitrary state in a quantum two-level system could be written as ##|\psi\rangle = C_1 |+\rangle + C_2 |-\rangle = R_1 |+\rangle + R_2 e^{i \alpha} |-\rangle##, with {##C_i##} complex and {##R_i##} real. Then...

https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.10345 My question is, Has the Feynman Diagram IIc been published or not? Did Kroll & Karplus lie or not? https://vixra.org/abs/2002.0011 Are these critics valid?

Please note: I am really a beginner in this field. If I write nonsense just let me know, I just gather information. As far as I understood Quantum Computing is super fast but (this is basically my question) not suited to all kinds of engineering questions. As far as I know it should work best...

Hello! If I place a particle with more energy levels (of the order of kT) in a well defined state, in a thermal bath at temperature T, how will the blackbody radiation affect the internal state of the particle i.e. will the distribution be classical or QM? Basically, if I prepare that particle...

How we should understand the randomness of quantum events in the context of the significant role that they apparently play in our macroscopic world. Using processes as superconductivity, super-fluidity, and in Bose-Einstein Condensates researchers have been able to produce macroscopic quantum...

In a textbook, which is not in Englisch language unfortunately, I found a passage saying that intrinsic curvature of spacetime is just a specific definition. The alternative definition is that spacetime is flat, whereas clocks and rods have variable lengths - which is just Feynman’s bug...

How does putting it potentially inbetween 2 basis states, which U will measure only later, on, do it!? That seems like magic, to me. And yet I accept that it does. Somehow.

What is the quantum spin of the valence electron in the silver atom in the furnace in the Stern-Gerlach experiment? . Up, down, at random, alternating, in a (quantum) superposition (of both), or none? Does it even have/get one until it's measured/observed /needed? . Does the second electron, in...

This is how I explain it, away, now: Upon entering the magnetic field the silver atom's valence electron's electric field aligns itself at right angle/s to the magnetic field, the quickest/shortest way it can, as they are wont, to do, somehow, and the rest follows, naturally. And if U are...

Hi there, I would like some help developing a QUBO expression where a Quantum Annealing approach would find the two ways of summing the 5 numbers {1 2 3 4 5) to 8 by selecting 3 of the numbers. I am basing this off of a dwave.sys video example I found on their site. My initial kick at the can...

This question is in regards to Dwave's quantum computer which is tailored to solve QUBO problems (minimize $x^T Q x$ where $Q$ is a symmetric matrix and $x$ is $n$ length vector of $0$s and $1$s) using quantum annealing. I would like to understand how it works. The claim is that it does so by...

Robert Lawrence Kuhn: It seems that special relativity suggests time is like gravity and electromagnetism, not built into the absolute fabric of reality like logic and causation. David J Gross: Yes, time is dynamical. The phenomena are dynamical and are labeled by what we call time. Including...

Hi guys! These days I've been reading Feynman's description of the quantum behaviour of an ammonia molecule. He assumes the N up or down as tuo basis states. He then says there's a little probability that the state UP becomes DOWN and viceversa. But for definition basis states are...

Is it likely that this year's Nobel prize could be awarded to the field of quantum cryptography with Charles H Bennet, Gilles Brassard and Artur Ekert as possible nobel laureate candidates?

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The standard reference for open quantum systems is The Theory of Open Quantum Systems by Breuer and Petruccione, which seems well-written but it lacks exercises, as do all the other textbooks I googled. Does someone have a recommendation for a textbook on open quantum systems with problems to...