A problem in applying Kirchhoff's Voltage Law

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the application of Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) in a circuit analysis problem involving two loops. The user employs equations derived from a textbook to analyze the circuit, specifically noting the relationships between currents I1, I2, and I3. The calculations yield an incorrect value for I3, approximately 4.63 A, indicating a potential error in the current direction assumptions. Participants emphasize the importance of accurately labeling current directions in circuit diagrams to ensure correct application of KVL.

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  • Understanding of Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL)
  • Familiarity with circuit analysis techniques
  • Ability to interpret and create circuit diagrams
  • Knowledge of current direction conventions in electrical circuits
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  • Practice solving circuit problems with multiple loops
  • Learn how to accurately label current directions in circuit diagrams
  • Explore common mistakes in circuit analysis and how to avoid them
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Electrical engineering students, circuit designers, and anyone involved in circuit analysis who seeks to improve their understanding of Kirchhoff's Voltage Law and its practical applications.

Patrick Herp
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Homework Statement
I stumbled upon a question from my little brother's high school textbook (Fig. 1) where the question is the current through R5.
I tried simplifying the circuit into a single loop first before using the properties of resistors in parallel and easy enough, I found it to be I = 0.66... A.

However, apparently, my brother's problem was when he tried to simplify the circuit into a two-loop circuit (Fig. 2) and then applied Kirchhoff's law.

So, to correct his work while also proving that my method is nevertheless correct, I tried applying KCL to his two-loop circuit. That's where the problem begins.
Relevant Equations
Kirchhoff's Voltage Law, Kirchhoff's Current Law, Ohm's Law
Figure 1, Figure 2

1725221267570.png


1725221329643.png


*I'm using his textbook's rule in applying KVL here:
$$
\begin{aligned}
21I_1 + 4.8I_3 &= 100 &&\textrm{Loop I (clockwise)}\\
24I_2 + 4.8I_3 &= 0 &&\textrm{Loop II (clockwise)} \\
I_1 &= I_2 + I_3
\end{aligned}
$$
From the above equations, I get ##I_3 \approx 4.63\textrm{ A}## which is clearly wrong, but I don't know where
 
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I think you'll want to pay attention to the directions of the currents in the two loop circuit. Right now you've got them labelled without directions given.

From your diagram I've put labels on them, such that I1 = I2 + I3:
1725219825923.png

See if you can't write expressions for the two loops, keeping track of the current directions.
 
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