A question about seperable differential equations

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the manipulation of separable differential equations, specifically the equation \(\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{x}{y-1}\). Participants debate the validity of treating \(dy\) and \(dx\) as operators that can be rearranged, with some arguing that integrating both sides leads to the cancellation of \(dx\) and results in an equation solely in terms of \(y\). The consensus is that while separating \(dy\) and \(dx\) may appear notational, it is crucial for applying the change of variable theorem in integration, ultimately leading to the solution of the differential equation.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of basic calculus concepts, particularly integration.
  • Familiarity with differential equations and their classifications.
  • Knowledge of the chain rule in calculus.
  • Experience with manipulating algebraic expressions involving derivatives.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the change of variable theorem in calculus.
  • Learn about the method of separation of variables in differential equations.
  • Explore the implications of treating \(dy\) and \(dx\) as differentials in integration.
  • Investigate the applications of the antiderivative in solving differential equations.
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Mathematics students, educators, and anyone interested in understanding the intricacies of solving separable differential equations and the theoretical foundations of calculus.

Gregg
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[itex]\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{x}{y-1}[/itex]

You separate it

[itex](y-1)\frac{dy}{dx} = x[/itex]

Some people have moved the 'dx' to the other side and manipulated the dy/dx as if it's just a part of the equation that can be just moved around and that 'dy' and 'dx' are some sort of operators that can be manouvred like this. Others, when they integrate both sides with respect to x show that the 'dx's cancel out on one side leaving with respect to y. And someone said that it can be changed to an integral on the LHS due to the chain rule.

All of these are understandable but I cannot see them to be very logical and I don't know of any way I can manipulate 'dy's and 'dx's and for them to be of any use so could someone explain why,

[itex](y-1)\frac{dy}{dx} = x[/itex],

[itex]\therefore \int (y-1)\frac{dy}{dx} dx = \int x dx[/itex],

[itex]\therefore \int (y-1) dy =\int x dx[/itex],

whether singular dy and dx hold any relevance in solving differential equations and further whether I should attempt to isolate them if so.
 
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I don't know much reasoning but i know how to do this.
What i would do is move dy with the y terms and dx with x term. then you could intergre both side and get 1/2(y^2)-y=1/2 x^2
 
Separating the dy and dx is not relevant to solving the problem and is just notational. The theorem being used is that if a(x) = b(x), then the antiderivative of a should be equivalent to the antiderivative of b up to a constant.
In particular,
[tex]\int (y-1)\frac{dy}{dx} dx[/tex]
is evaluated using the change of variable theorem:
[tex]\int_a^b f(y(x))*y'(x) dx[/tex]
[tex]= \int_{y(a)}^{y(b)} f(y) dy[/tex]
 
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