An "x" from nowhere, mistake by textbook? (induced voltages)

Click For Summary
The discussion centers on the calculation of induced voltage and current in a physics problem involving magnetic fields. Participants identify a mistake in the textbook's approach to calculating the net force on a wire, specifically in how it applies the formula for force. The correct method involves using the magnetic fields at specific points along the wire, which the textbook fails to do accurately. One participant confirms their calculations yield a different result than the textbook, reinforcing the belief that the textbook's solution is incorrect. The conversation concludes with an appreciation for the clarification provided.
mymodded
Messages
29
Reaction score
7
Homework Statement
The long, straight wire in the figure has a current i= 1.00 A flowing in it. A square loop with 10.0-cm sides and a resistance of 0.0200 ##\Omega## is positioned 10.0 cm away from the wire. The loop is then moved in the positive x-direction with a speed v = 10.0 cm/s.

Calculate the direction and the magnitude of the net force acting on the loop at the instant it starts to move.
Relevant Equations
##\Delta V_{ind}=-\frac{d\Phi}{dt}##
##\Phi = \oint \vec{B} \cdot d\vec{A}##
##B_{long wire} = \frac{\mu_{0} i}{2\pi r}##
##F = ilB sin(\theta)##
1716985385886.png

this is the figure in the question.The question can be solved by first finding the induced voltage (and then the induced current), and then we can find the force on each side of the wire due to the magnetic field and subtract them from each other (since the force on the upper and lower sides are the same they cancel eachother so we only need to worry about the right and left side)

dA = 0.1 dr
##\Large \Delta V_{ind}=-\frac{d\Phi}{dt} = \frac{d}{dt}(\int_{0.1t+0.1}^{0.1t+0.2} \frac{\mu_{0} i}{2\pi r} 0.1 dr) = \frac{d}{dt}(\frac{0.1\mu_{0} i}{2\pi} (ln(0.1t+0.2) - ln(0.1t+0.1)) = \frac{0.1\mu_{0} i}{2\pi} . (\frac{0.1}{0.1+0.2} - \frac{0.1}{0.1t+0.1})##

then ##i_{ind}## is that divided by the resistance R.
then
##F_{net} = F_{right} - F_{left} = i_{ind} L B_{right} - i_{ind} L B_{left} ## where ##B= \frac{\mu_{0} i}{2\pi r}## and r is 0.1 for left and 0.2 for right and we substitute t = 0.
but the textbook solved the last part like this
1716986863866.png

which I believe is wrong, since when did F= ilbx? and when you calculate what they wrote you actually get 10^(-14)N not -16 . The answer that I got is 5*10^(-14) N so am I correct or is the textbook correct?
 

Attachments

  • 1716986810107.png
    1716986810107.png
    25.2 KB · Views: 97
Last edited:
Physics news on Phys.org
Yes, you are right. The textbook solution is wrong where it starts off with ##F_{net} = i_{ind}LBx_2 - i_{ind}LBx_1##.

As you noted, it should be ##F_{net} = i_{ind}LB(x_2) - i_{ind}LB(x_1)##,
where ##B(x_1)## is the magnetic field at ##x = x_1## and ##B(x_2)## is the magnetic field at ##x = x_2##.

I get an answer that's a factor of 10 different from yours. But I could be slipping up somewhere.
 
  • Like
Likes mymodded and MatinSAR
TSny said:
Yes, you are right. The textbook solution is wrong where it starts off with ##F_{net} = i_{ind}LBx_2 - i_{ind}LBx_1##.

As you noted, it should be ##F_{net} = i_{ind}LB(x_2) - i_{ind}LB(x_1)##,
where ##B(x_1)## is the magnetic field at ##x = x_1## and ##B(x_2)## is the magnetic field at ##x = x_2##.

I get an answer that's a factor of 10 different from yours. But I could be slipping up somewhere.
thanks a lot really appreciate it
 
Thread 'Chain falling out of a horizontal tube onto a table'
My attempt: Initial total M.E = PE of hanging part + PE of part of chain in the tube. I've considered the table as to be at zero of PE. PE of hanging part = ##\frac{1}{2} \frac{m}{l}gh^{2}##. PE of part in the tube = ##\frac{m}{l}(l - h)gh##. Final ME = ##\frac{1}{2}\frac{m}{l}gh^{2}## + ##\frac{1}{2}\frac{m}{l}hv^{2}##. Since Initial ME = Final ME. Therefore, ##\frac{1}{2}\frac{m}{l}hv^{2}## = ##\frac{m}{l}(l-h)gh##. Solving this gives: ## v = \sqrt{2g(l-h)}##. But the answer in the book...

Similar threads

Replies
1
Views
684
Replies
4
Views
2K
Replies
12
Views
2K
  • · Replies 12 ·
Replies
12
Views
1K
  • · Replies 40 ·
2
Replies
40
Views
4K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 12 ·
Replies
12
Views
2K
Replies
7
Views
1K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
5K