Angular Separation of Stars: Min Resolved w/ Diffraction Effects

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SUMMARY

The minimum angular separation that the human eye can resolve when viewing two stars, considering diffraction effects, is determined using the Rayleigh criterion formula θ=(1.22*λ)/D. In this discussion, the user attempted calculations with a wavelength (λ) of 550 nm and a pupil diameter (D) of 5.0 mm, yielding an incorrect result of 1.34e-4 rad. The correct answer, which was ultimately revealed, is 0.46' of arc, highlighting the importance of understanding the units involved in such calculations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the Rayleigh criterion for diffraction
  • Familiarity with angular measurements in both radians and arcminutes
  • Basic knowledge of light wavelength and its impact on resolution
  • Ability to perform calculations involving physical constants and units
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the Rayleigh criterion in detail to understand its applications in optics
  • Learn about the relationship between wavelength and resolution in optical systems
  • Research the differences between angular measurements in radians and arcminutes
  • Explore the effects of pupil diameter on visual resolution and diffraction limits
USEFUL FOR

Students studying optics, physics enthusiasts, and anyone interested in understanding the principles of diffraction and angular resolution in astronomy.

grouper
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Homework Statement



What is the minimum angular separation an eye could resolve when viewing two stars, considering only diffraction effects?

Homework Equations



θ=(1.22*λ)/D

The Attempt at a Solution



I tried estimating with λ=550 nm and D=5.0 mm (pupil diameter) which appeared in another problem about viewing stars and got 1.34e-4 rad, but this was incorrect. Our book states the best eye resolution is around 5e-4 rad so I tried that as well, but it wasn't correct either. This problem must want something more concrete than an estimation but I'm not sure where to go with it.
 
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They're asking for a minimum here. According to rayleigh equation which you've written there, what criterion would minimize the angle theta?
 
I suppose either a smaller wavelength or a larger diameter; do you think I should be using a different λ for my estimation? If I use λ=400 nm (keeping D=5.0 mm), that yields θ=9.76e-5 rad, but that's not correct either. I got the 5.0 mm diameter from another problem, so I'm not sure adjusting the diameter will get a correct answer either.
 
I figured out the problem; they were asking for arcs. Wasn't indicated anywhere but I eventually gave up on this problem since it's due tonight and when it showed the correct answer it read "0.46' of arc". Would've been nice if they said that in the problem, especially considering all the other problems in our book deal in radians. Oh well.
 

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