Basic questions about raising and lowering indices

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the manipulation of indices in tensor calculus, specifically focusing on raising and lowering indices, the validity of certain tensor expressions, and the implications of using repeated indices. Participants explore various mathematical expressions and their interpretations within the context of tensor notation.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Mathematical reasoning

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants question the validity of expressions involving repeated indices, such as ##\frac{\partial f}{\partial x_\mu}=\frac{\partial f}{\partial x^\mu}*g_{\mu \mu}##, suggesting that having the same index multiple times indicates a mistake.
  • There is a discussion about whether expressions like ##T^{i_1 i_1 i_2}## can be transformed to lower indices, with some participants asserting that such manipulations are invalid.
  • Some participants propose that expressions like ##T_{\mu}^\mu## cannot be rewritten to have only covariant indices, while others explore the possibility of expressing it in terms of the metric tensor.
  • There is confusion regarding the use of the star symbol for multiplication, with some participants suggesting it could lead to misunderstandings in the context of tensor mathematics.
  • Participants discuss the transformation of derivatives and how they relate to covariant and contravariant indices, with some providing examples to illustrate their points.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally disagree on the validity of certain tensor expressions and the implications of repeated indices. There is no consensus on whether specific manipulations of indices are permissible, and the discussion remains unresolved regarding the correct interpretation of some expressions.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include the potential misunderstanding of notation and the implications of using repeated indices in tensor expressions. Some participants reference external insights to clarify their points, but the discussion does not resolve the underlying issues.

Who May Find This Useful

This discussion may be useful for students and practitioners of physics and mathematics who are grappling with tensor calculus, particularly in understanding the nuances of index manipulation and the implications of tensor notation.

  • #31
olgerm said:
I simplified the equation with

and got the last equation in post26. I am not sure if I did it correctly.
I think the thing that's confusing us is that this isn't a simplification. You've replaced one sum with two.

You seem to be fighting very hard against the notation. The whole point of it is to allow you to express gigantic error-prone horrors like your #26 in a clean and manageable way, with algebraic complexity "boxed away" inside simple symbols.

Have you ever programmed a computer? What you are doing is a bit like insisting on trying to write a full-featured word processor directly in machine code.
 
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  • #32
I like that form. maybe after simplifiyng it more it becomes sipmler. the form that includes Ricci tensor and other things that I do not know has jus no intuitive meaning to me.
would like to know whether I used
Ibix said:
##T^\mu{}_\mu=T_{\mu\rho}g^{\rho\mu}##
correctly.
 
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  • #33
olgerm said:
I like that form.

Ok, but keep in mind that you are alone with that. Don't be surprised with lack of help. Especially since you've been told multiple times in multiple threads of yours that what you write is unreadable. You've been told at least twice that star is not a symbol of multiplication, use \cdot command if necessarry (and quite often it is not necessary at all). And yet you ignore everything, because you like it that way. That's ok in your private files, but you are not writing it for yourself, you do this for other members to help you. Keep that in mind.
 
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  • #34
try to understand my notation. Are the equations in post26 correct? Have any recomendations to simplify einstein fild equation füther?
 
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  • #35
olgerm said:
the original indices ##\mu## and ##\nu## are still upper indices

What original indices?

olgerm said:
the last equation in post26. I am not sure if I did it correctly

That equation is such a mess that I am unable to tell whether it is correct or not.
 
  • #36
olgerm said:
try to understand my notation.
I can't even count the number of brackets you've used without computer support, let alone see if you've nested them correctly. Neither can you, which is why you are asking for help. Shouldn't that tell you something about your method?
 
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  • #37
olgerm said:
I like that form. maybe after simplifiyng it more it becomes sipmler. the form that includes Ricci tensor and other things that I do not know has jus no intuitive meaning to me.
would like to know whether I used correctly.

Although you may be reducing the field equation written as a single tensor equation
in terms of more primitive terms involving the metric and coordinate-dependent Christoffel symbols,
I don't think simpler-as-more-primitive
is more intuitive than simpler-as-tensors[-as-stuctures]
because you are missing sight of all of the symmetries and structures that went into the tensor formulation.

Those primitives are needed to build up the structures.
But it's the structures that provide the intuition behind the field equations.

Yes, you'll need to know how the Einstein tensor is built and what it means
in terms of the more primitive ideas.
But I don't think it's helpful, especially as a first step,
to write it out fully in terms of metrics and Christoffel symbols.
Trust us,... you won't gain any intuition by doing this.

That's why we don't write down Maxwell's Equations in its original form (as 20 coupled PDEs
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histo...Dynamical_Theory_of_the_Electromagnetic_Fieldhttps://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Dynamical_Theory_of_the_Electromagnetic_Field/Part_III) but we instead use the vector calculus notation of Heaviside... or, fancier, a tensor equation
... or even more fancy: with differential forms, or with geometric-algebra
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_descriptions_of_the_electromagnetic_fieldTensor notation was partially designed to avoid seeing explicit summation signs.
Sub-subscripts x_{i_1}y_{i_2} (or indices-with-indices) are unnecessarily taxing on the reader,
unless there are important relations among the indices being suggested.Possibly useful advice:
https://aapt.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1119/1.5111838?journalCode=ajp"Low-entropy expressions"
American Journal of Physics 87, 613 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1119/1.5111838
Sanjoy Mahajan

Possibly more useful use of time and effort:
http://pages.pomona.edu/~tmoore/LesHouches/DiagMetric.pdf
 
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  • #38
I still want to see this equation in form that includes more easily comprihensable quantities.

I remove sum symbols if it is easier for you:

##g^{\mu m_1}*g^{\nu m_2} g^{j_1 m_3}(\frac{\partial \Gamma_{m_3 m_2 m_1}}{\partial x^{j_1}}-\frac{{\partial \Gamma_{m_3 j_1 m_1}}}{\partial x^{m_2}}+g^{j_2 m_4}({\Gamma_{m_3 j_1 j_2}}{\Gamma_{m_4 m_2 m_1}}-{\Gamma_{m_3 m_2 j_2}}{\Gamma_{m_4 j_1 m_1}}))+
(\Lambda-\frac{1}{2}*g_{i_1i_2}*g^{i_1m_1}*g^{i_2m_2}*g^{m_3 j_1}(\frac{\partial{\Gamma}_{m_3 m_2 m_1}}{\partial x^{j_1}}-\frac{\partial \Gamma_{m_3 j_1 m_1}}{\partial x^{m_2}}+g^{j_2m_4}(\Gamma_{m_3 j_1 j_2}\Gamma_{m_4 m_2 m_1 }-\Gamma_{m_3 m_2 j_2} \Gamma_{m_4 j_1 m_1})))*g^{\mu \nu}=\frac{8*\pi*G}{c^4}*T^{\mu \nu}##

maybe it is easier understand my notation without sum symbols. is the equation correct? it is same equation as last equation in post26. Have any recomendations to simplify einstein fild equation füther?
 
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  • #39
olgerm said:
I still want to see this equation in form that includes more easily comprihensable quantities.

The standard form of the equation is already more comprehensible to everyone except you.

olgerm said:
maybe it is easier understand my notation without sum symbols. is the equation correct?

It's still too much of a mess for me to tell whether it's correct.

olgerm said:
Have any recomendations to simplify einstein fild equation füther?

What you are doing is not "simplifying" to anyone except you. To everyone else, the standard form of the equation is the "simple" one.
 
  • #40
This thread is going nowhere and is now closed.
 
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