Calculating Electron Probability in a Cone

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the probability of finding an electron in the n = 5, ℓ = 2, mℓ = -1 quantum state within a cone of half angle 41° about the z-axis. The probability is derived using the integral formula P=∫∫∫R(r)^2 * Y[θ,phi]^2, where Y(θ,φ) is the spherical harmonic function. The user initially assumed the radial wavefunction R(r) is constant and integrated Y^2 over the specified ranges, but encountered inaccuracies in the probability calculation. Key suggestions included verifying the radial wavefunction and ensuring the use of the complex conjugate in the wavefunction calculations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of quantum mechanics, specifically quantum states and wavefunctions
  • Familiarity with spherical harmonics, particularly Y(θ,φ)
  • Knowledge of integration techniques in three dimensions
  • Ability to work with complex numbers and their conjugates
NEXT STEPS
  • Review the properties of radial wavefunctions for quantum states, particularly for n = 5, ℓ = 2
  • Study the derivation and applications of spherical harmonics in quantum mechanics
  • Practice integrating functions over spherical coordinates to improve accuracy in probability calculations
  • Learn about the significance of complex conjugates in quantum wavefunctions and their impact on probability density
USEFUL FOR

Students and educators in quantum mechanics, physicists working with atomic models, and anyone involved in advanced calculations of electron probability distributions.

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Homework Statement



Consider an electron in the n = 5, ℓ = 2, mℓ = -1 state.
What is the probability that the electron is located in a cone
of half angle 41◦ about the z axis? (In other words, what is the
probability that θ ≤ 41◦
?)

Homework Equations



P=∫∫∫R(r)^2 * Y[θ,phi]^2


The Attempt at a Solution



I'm not quite sure what I'm doing here, but this is as far as I got:

I said R(r) is a constant because the angle doesn't depend on the radius.

Next I found an expression for Y(theta,phi) from my textbook based on l and m_l:

Y(θ,f)=.5*sqrt(15/2pi)SinθCosθ * e^-i*f

I integrated Y^2, .7156<θ<pi, 0<f<pi

This probability is not right.

ANy ideas?
 
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You have assumed the radial wavefunction is a constant for that state... did you check, say, by looking it up or computing it? Did you remember to take the complex conjugate for the complex parts of the wavefunction?
 

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