Calculating magnetic force on semicircle conductor

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the total magnetic force on a semicircular conductor subjected to a magnetic field. The relevant equation used is dF = Idl × B, where dl is expressed as Rdθ. The user initially calculates the magnetic force components separately and integrates them from 0 to π, yielding a force vector of -2IBRi + IBRj. However, confusion arises when attempting to use the cross product for dF, leading to a different resultant vector. The error is identified in the formulation of the dl vector components, particularly in the application of trigonometric functions.

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Homework Statement


Given the figure below[/B]
aaGm11v.png

I need to calculate the total magnetic force on the semicircle section of the conductor.
Current is I, Radius is R, and the Magnetic Field is B.

Homework Equations


[tex]d\vec{F} = Id\vec{l} \times \vec{B}[/tex][/B]

The Attempt at a Solution


[/B]
[itex]dl[/itex] is equal to [itex]Rdθ[/itex]

Since [itex]d\vec{l}[/itex] and [itex]\vec{B}[/itex] are perpendicular, the magnitude of the force on the segment [itex]d\vec{l}[/itex] is equal to [itex]I dl B = I(Rdθ)B[/itex], and the components of these forces is [itex]I(Rdθ)Bcosθ[/itex] and [itex]I(Rdθ)Bsinθ[/itex]. Integrating these separately from 0 to π and adding the result gives [itex]IB(2R+L)j[/itex].

However, I am trying to solve it using the cross product to obtain [itex]d\vec{F}[/itex] and then solve it from there.

The magnetic field vector is [tex]0i + 0j + Bk[/tex]
And the vector for [itex]d\vec{l}[/itex] I got was [tex]Rdθcosθ i + Rdθsinθ j + 0k[/tex]

Calculating the cross product yields
[tex]-IBRdθsinθi + IBRdθcosθj + 0k[/tex]

Integrating to from 0 to π to obtain [itex]\vec{F}[/itex] yields
[tex]-2IBRi + IBRj + 0k[/tex]

This vector is obviously different than what was obtained before, and I am wondering where I went wrong.
I think that a place I could have gone wrong is when I found [itex]d\vec{l}[/itex] as [tex]Rdθcosθ i + Rdθsinθ j + 0k[/tex], but I don't know of any other way I could get the components for the vector.

I'd appreciate if somebody could enlighten me as to where I went wrong. Thank you.
 
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If j is the vertical axis and your angle goes from 0 to pi, the vector dl needs the cosine for the j component (and sine for i): the cable starts alone the j direction.

The integration over the cosine should lead to 0 due to symmetry.
 

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