Calculating Work Done by an Ideal Gas in an Isothermal Expansion

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating the work done by an ideal gas during an isothermal expansion. The formula used is w = nRT ln(vi/vf), where n is the number of moles (55), R is the ideal gas constant (8.314 J/mol K), and the initial and final volumes are 1.700 m³ and 1.720 m³, respectively. The correct temperature can be derived using the equation PiVi = nRT, ensuring that pressure (P) and volume (V) are in compatible units to yield temperature in Kelvins. The relationship between pressure and volume is also clarified, emphasizing that P*V equates to energy in joules.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the ideal gas law (PV = nRT)
  • Familiarity with isothermal processes in thermodynamics
  • Knowledge of logarithmic functions for calculations
  • Basic unit conversions between pressure, volume, and temperature
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation and applications of the ideal gas law
  • Learn about isothermal and adiabatic processes in thermodynamics
  • Explore the concept of internal energy in monatomic ideal gases
  • Investigate the implications of using different units for R in gas calculations
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in physics and engineering, particularly those focusing on thermodynamics and gas laws, will benefit from this discussion.

Rasine
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55 moles of an ideal gas, at an initial pressure of 3.00 × 105 N/m2 and an initial volume of 1.700 m3, undergo a small isothermal expansion to a volume of 1.720 m3. Find the work done by the gas.


i am confused about the units but here is what i got...

so w=nRTln(vi/vf)


so i know n and i know vi and vf...now for R i think i am going to use 8.314 J/mol K...are those the right units?


so to find T i must use PiVi=nRT

but what units does P and V have to be into yeild K and shoud use the same units for R as i wrote above?
 
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You are using the correct formula and the correct reasoning. The constant R (8.314 N*m/mol*K) is designed specifically to give you the right units. You will get the temperature in Kelvins.

P*V, by the way, gives you a unit equivalent to joules. Pressure can be considered to be a measurement of energy per volume ratio. In a monatomic ideal gas, the internal energy of the gas is equal to (3/2)PV.
 
thank you so much
 

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