For actual efficiency the equation is W/ Q or work out / heat in.
Yes.astru025 said:445 j?
Actual efficiency is a measure of how well a process or system performs in comparison to its ideal or theoretical efficiency. It takes into account all factors that affect the efficiency, such as energy losses, equipment malfunctions, and human error.
Actual efficiency can be calculated by dividing the actual output of a process or system by its expected or ideal output, and then multiplying by 100 to get a percentage. The formula for actual efficiency is: (actual output / expected output) x 100.
The factors that affect actual efficiency can vary depending on the process or system being evaluated. Some common factors include energy losses due to friction or heat, equipment malfunctions or failures, operator errors, and variations in input materials or conditions.
There are several ways to improve actual efficiency, including regular maintenance and upkeep of equipment, using more efficient processes or technologies, optimizing input materials or conditions, and providing proper training and supervision for operators.
In theory, actual efficiency can be greater than 100% if the actual output exceeds the expected or ideal output. However, this is rare and usually indicates that the calculations or measurements were incorrect. In practical terms, actual efficiency is typically capped at 100% as it represents the maximum achievable efficiency for a given process or system.