Can a Tiger Outrun a Lion in a 100 Meter Dash?

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SUMMARY

In a 100-meter race, the tiger wins against the lion, completing the distance in 10.3 seconds compared to the lion's 12.5 seconds. The lion accelerates at 2 m/s² for 5 seconds, reaching a final speed of 10 m/s, while the tiger accelerates at 3 m/s² for 4 seconds, achieving a final speed of 12 m/s. When the tiger crosses the finish line, the lion is 22 meters behind. This analysis utilizes kinematic equations to determine displacement and time taken for both animals.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of kinematic equations
  • Basic knowledge of acceleration and velocity
  • Ability to calculate average speed
  • Familiarity with displacement concepts
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  • Learn about acceleration and its impact on motion
  • Explore real-world applications of physics in animal locomotion
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Homework Statement


In a 100 m race between a lion and a tiger, the lion starts from rest and accelerates at a rate of 2 m/s2 for 5 seconds, then maintains a constant velocity for the rest of the race. The tiger starts from rest and accelerates at a rate 3 m/s2 for 4 seconds, then maintains a constant velocity for the rest of the race.
  1. Who wins the race? Support with evidence.
  2. At the moment that the winner crosses the finish line, how many meters behind is the loser?
∆d/d = displacement
t= time
Vi = initial velocity
Vf = final velocity
a= acceleration

Homework Equations



Vavg = ∆d/∆t
Vavg = (Vf + Vi)/2
a = (Vf- Vi)/t
∆d= (Vi)(t) + 1/2a(t^2)
Vf^2 = Vi ^2 + 2ad

The Attempt at a Solution


[/B]
Part 1
Lion: Traveled 25 m in the first 5 seconds because:

a = (Vf- Vi)/t
2 = (Vf- 0)/5
Vf = 10

Vavg = (Vf + Vi)/2
Vavg = 10 + 0 / 2
Vavg = 5

Vavg = ∆d/∆t
5 = ∆d/5 = 25 = ∆d

Then it took 7.5 seconds to travel the remaining 75 m because it was going a constant speed of 10 m/s:
Vavg = ∆d/∆t
10 = 75/t
10t =75
t= 7.5

7.5 seconds + 5 seconds = 12.5
Which means it took the lion 12.5 seconds to travel 100 m.

Tiger: Traveled 24 m in the first 4 seconds because:

a = (Vf- Vi)/t
3 = (Vf- 0)/4
Vf = 12

Vavg = (Vf + Vi)/2
Vavg = 12 + 0 / 2
Vavg = 6

Vavg = ∆d/∆t
6 = ∆d/4 = 24 = ∆d

Then it took 6.3 seconds to travel the remaining 76 m because it was going a constant speed of 12 m/s:
Vavg = ∆d/∆t
12 = 76/t
12t =76
t= 6.3

6.3 seconds + 4 seconds = 10.3 seconds
Which means it took the tiger 10.3 seconds to travel 100 m. So the tiger won.

Part 2:

If it took 12.5 seconds for the Lion to go 100 m and 10.3 seconds for the tiger then the Lion still has 2.2 seconds to reach the finish line when the tiger goes across it.

12.5 seconds - 10.3 seconds = 2.2 seconds

If the Lion is traveling at a rate of 10 m/s then:

10 m/s * 2.2 seconds = 22 m

The lion is 22 meters behind the tiger when it crosses the finish line.
Are these numbers correct?
 
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