Can Next Generation Telescopes See More than Just a Dime in San Francisco?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the capabilities of next-generation telescopes in observing distant astronomical objects, particularly focusing on the first galaxies and stars. Participants explore the implications of selection effects, the potential for discovering new entities through different observational techniques, and the excitement surrounding the observation of exoplanets.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants express uncertainty about what novel objects might be observed among the first galaxies and stars, highlighting the need to consider selection effects in observations.
  • One participant notes that the Hubble deep field images focus on outliers, which may not represent the broader population of galaxies, suggesting caution in generalizations based on visible observations.
  • Another participant proposes that averaging over larger spatial scales or using longer exposure times might enhance the discovery of low-energy entities in deep space.
  • Improved infrared sensors and larger telescopes are suggested as necessary tools for observing redshifted emissions, with a caution against comparing distant objects to those in the local universe.
  • There is mention of findings from the SDSS all-sky survey, which reportedly found no evolution in metallicities with redshift, challenging some conventional expectations.
  • One participant speculates that the most exciting targets for observation may be exoplanets, envisioning the potential to see signs of civilization on them.
  • A different perspective is introduced, suggesting that alternative messengers, such as gravitational signals or quantum mechanics, might lead to unexpected discoveries.
  • Humorous analogies are made regarding the observational capabilities of telescopes, comparing the visibility of small objects from great distances.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express a range of views regarding the capabilities and targets of next-generation telescopes, with no consensus reached on specific outcomes or the implications of their observations.

Contextual Notes

Participants highlight limitations related to selection effects and the challenges of interpreting observations of distant objects in the context of local phenomena.

Loren Booda
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What novel objects do you anticipate we will observe among the very first galaxies? Among the first stars?
 
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Hard to tell. We have to be really careful to factor in selection effects. In the Hubble deep field shots, for instance, we have to be cognizant of the fact that we are looking at outliers - the brightest and most energetic objects at their redshifts. We can't see low surface-brightness galaxies, dwarf galaxies, globular clusters, etc, so it is unwise to make generalizations based on the active galaxies that we *can* see.
 
Thanks, turbo.

Might averaging over wider space (like the COBE multipoles of cosmic background radiation), or exposing images over longer times (like the optical Ultra Deep Field) - but by exploring other frequencies transparent to intervening space - improve discovery of unprecedented low energy entities in deep space?
 
Improved infrared sensors and larger orbiting telescopes can help. When objects are so far away that their emissions are red-shifted hard toward the IR bands we can't pretend that we can collect their light in conventional visible bands and make generalizations based on what we see in our local universe. When we image the hottest, brightest objects at extreme redshifts, it is irresponsible to compare their qualities to the the qualities of bodies in our neighborhood. It is tempting to fit observations into our generally-accepted cosmological model, and say things like "We observe an evolution in XYZ with redshift" when in fact selection effects can drown any such analysis.

SDSS has assembled an all-sky survey of the northern hemisphere and the team found a lot of new quasars. Despite conventional expectations, the team has found no evolution in absolute nor relative metallicities with redshift, nor are high-redshift quasars preferentially lensed, despite the increased column depth assumed by their redshifts.
 
Hard to say...

But I think that the most attractive target will be the planets of other stars. Imagine the excitement when we fist see smokestacks, roads, airports!
 
Perhaps we are looking for the wrong messenger so far. What a pleasant surprise if we will be able to signal with gravitation (which enables tunneling), quantum mechanics (a la Bell-type experiments) or a combination of both.
 
They say that if the Hubble telescope was in Los Angeles, you could see a dime in San Francisco. I figure with the next generation you probably could see a dollar or perhaps a dollar and a half.
 
Jimmy Snyder said:
They say that if the Hubble telescope was in Los Angeles, you could see a dime in San Francisco. I figure with the next generation you probably could see a dollar or perhaps a dollar and a half.
:smile:
 

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