Lightning is caused by a significant potential difference between clouds and the Earth, primarily due to static charge generated through friction among clouds. This static charge creates a strong electric field that ionizes air particles, forming a conductive plasma layer. The resulting current flow generates thermal radiation, which is visible as lightning. Alternative theories, such as charge separation due to ice particles, also contribute to the understanding of lightning formation.
PREREQUISITESThis discussion is beneficial for meteorologists, atmospheric scientists, educators, and anyone interested in the physical processes behind lightning and weather phenomena.