Centripetal force of rotating mass vs. flowing mass

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the calculation of centripetal force for a mass of water in two conditions: a fixed mass spinning and a flowing mass through tubes with 90-degree elbows. In the first condition, a rectangular mass of water measuring 0.25 inches tall, 2 inches long, and 0.50 inches thick spins at 3000 RPM, resulting in a centripetal force of 4.6 lbs. The mass is calculated using a density of 1.94 slugs/ft³, yielding a mass of 0.00028 slugs. The second condition introduces flow dynamics, questioning whether the centripetal force changes with the mass flow out of the tubes and the implications for sprinkler design.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of centripetal force calculations
  • Familiarity with fluid dynamics and mass flow concepts
  • Knowledge of angular momentum and its effects on rotating systems
  • Basic principles of sprinkler design and operation
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the effects of mass flow on centripetal force in fluid systems
  • Learn about the velocity vector analysis in flowing fluids
  • Explore Euler's equations as they apply to centrifugal pumps
  • Investigate the design principles of lawn sprinklers and their performance metrics
USEFUL FOR

Engineers, physicists, and designers involved in fluid dynamics, particularly those working on sprinkler systems and rotating mass applications.

trustthrust
Messages
4
Reaction score
0
Hi, thanks in advance for any help and info. Have two conditions.

The first condition is a mass of water spinning as a fixed mass. Say we have a rectangular mass .25 inches tall, 2 inches long and .50 thick spinning at 3000 RPM with its center of mass at R = 2.00 inches. (Please see first attached jpg) The centripetal force of this mass is then F = m*V^2/R

To calculate mass the density is 1.94 slugs/ft^3. The volume is .25 X 2 X .50 = .25 in^3. The mass is then 1.94 slugs/ft^3 * ft^3/(12 in)^3 *.25 in^3 = .00028 slugs

The tangential velocity at R = 2.0 is 3000 REV/min * pi * 4in / (12 in/ft * 60s/min) = 52.4 ft/s

Therefore the centripetal force = .00028 slugs * (52.4 ft/s)^2/(2.0 in / 12in/ft) = 4.6 lbs.

For the second condition we open the ends of the rectangular tubes and place 90 degree elbows at the periphery as shown in the second attached jpg (similar to a lawn sprinkler)

Question is:
Is the centripetal force the same for condition two or does this change dependent on the mass flow out of the tubes?
 

Attachments

  • cent_frc_1.jpg
    cent_frc_1.jpg
    36.4 KB · Views: 601
  • cent_frc_2.jpg
    cent_frc_2.jpg
    37.5 KB · Views: 573
Physics news on Phys.org
Ok I won't deal with imperial units, and some of the inexactness... but the idea is basically this: the centripetal force to spin the water in the pipe is the same, but when the water is flowing you don't just spin, but you move water to the outside, on a spiral track (if you follow a small dust particle in a pipe). This would usually slow the wheel down, because you need energy to accelerate the water. Also the forces for a spiral are different from those of a circle.
When you attach bend ends you get a sprinkler effect. The water flows around the corner and carries away angular momentum, leading to a positive or negative acceleration of the sprinkler.
 
Thanks OxDEADBEEF for the reply. Excellent point about the particles moving on a spiral track. My question came from working on a lawn sprinkler design and was confused on the stresses on the attached bends whether the force would increase with an increase in flow (not due to velocity but due to additional centripetal force). So does one need to calculate the velocity vector of a particle in the flowing stream to calculate the centripetal force? The velocity diagram I imagine would be similar to the Euler formulas (velocity vector diagrams) for centrifugal pumps.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 11 ·
Replies
11
Views
2K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
15K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
3K
  • · Replies 20 ·
Replies
20
Views
2K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
26K
Replies
18
Views
2K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
Replies
2
Views
6K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
3K